Compact and low loss electrochemical capacitors using a graphite / carbon nanotube hybrid material for miniaturized systems

Li, Qi; Sun, Shuming; Smith, Anderson David; Lundgren, Per; Fu, Ying; Su, Peng; Xu, Tao; Ye, Lilei; Sun, Litao; Liu, Johan; Enoksson, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.11.052

Cited by 35 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Although the P‐SC prepared with LiCl aqueous electrolyte showed a high leakage current of 740 nA, the self‐discharge of the P‐SC with PVA/H 3 PO 4 gel electrolyte was significantly suppressed and a low leakage current of 65 nA was attained (Figure h). Furthermore, the open‐circuit voltage (OCV) of the P‐SC with gel electrolyte dropped from 0.8 to 0.22 V after 24 h, while for the P‐SC with aqueous LiCl electrolyte, the OCV dropped to nearly 0 V after 10 h. The lower self‐discharge rate of the P‐SC with PVA/H 3 PO 4 electrolyte can be explained by the reduced ion diffusion in the gel . Note that the leakage current of the P‐SC with gel electrolyte is considerably smaller than the I SC (3.7 µA) delivered by the P‐TENGs, indicating that the P‐SCs could be efficiently charged by the P‐TENGs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Triboelectric Power Generation from Heterostructured Air‐Laid Paper for Breathable and Wearable Self‐Charging Power System

Yang

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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Among various energy harvesting technologies, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) as newly invented mechanical energy harvesters have attracted significant attention due to their simple and diverse device structures as well as abundant materials choices. [10][11][12] Recently, breathable/wearable TENGs based on textiles have also been fabricated. [13,14] However, due to poor adhesion between textile fibers and electrode materials, textile-based TENGs are prone to lose their surface conductive layer after repeated mechanical deformation. A promising alternative to textiles is porous paper. Because paper is rich of surface hydroxyl groups, which may form hydrogen bonds with the functional groups of various conductive materials, the conductive layer can be firmly anchored onto the surface of the paper. [15,16] Therefore, paper-based TENGs (P-TENGs) have been investigated intensively most recently, [17][18][19][20][21][22] despite that the following critical challenges still remain to be solved. First, paper sheets usually suffer from poor wet mechanical strength. Therefore, the mechanical and electrical properties of most reported paper-based electrodes are severely affected by the environment. Second, a typical P-TENG consists of a paper-based electrode layer and a plastic or rubber triboelectric layer. [18][19][20][21][22] The presence of dense plastic/rubber film severely limits the air permeability of the device. Even though electrospun nanofiber membranes have been utilized as the triboelectric layer to improve breathability, [23][24][25] the complex and expensive fabrication process of such membranes restricts their viable applications. Furthermore, the paper electrode layer and the triboelectric layer as two independent films need to be adhered by double sticky tape, which considerably reduces the flexibility and breathability of the resulting P-TENG.On the other hand, the voltage and current outputs of a TENG are intermittent and pulsed. For stable and continuous power supply, supercapacitors (SCs) have been widely used as the energy storage devices for TENGs to form power units. [2,[26][27][28] However, most reported self-power units integrated with wearable TENGs and SCs require mechanical motion at relatively high frequencies (5-10 Hz) or lengthy charging times to reach the working voltages of electronic devices. This may be attributed to both the small power output of TENGs and the fast selfdischarge process of SCs. [29] Therefore, the development of SCs A breathable and wearable self-charging power system is developed by integrating paper-based triboelectric nanogenerator (P-TENG) and supercapacitor (P-SC). The felt side and wire side of highly porous and mechanically robust air-laid paper are utilized as the triboelectric pair of the P-TENG, which not only shows remarkable flexibility and clothlike air permeability (333 mm s −1 ), but exhibits exceptional wet stability (85% voltage retention after four soaking cycles). To match the triboelectric output, the self-discharge behavior of the P-SC is compr...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Triboelectric Power Generation from Heterostructured Air‐Laid Paper for Breathable and Wearable Self‐Charging Power System

Yang

2019

Adv Materials Technologies

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“…The electrode materials and electrolytes are the most influential constituents of a high performance MSC device. As a consequence, significant research has been focused on improving the capacitive performance by exploring different kind of electrode and electrolyte materials and designs [31,44,70]. Further, for planar MSCs, the investigation of separators is unnecessary (as the separator is special), while for stacked MSC configurations the separator is more important.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As previously mentioned, to be compatible with the top-down approach for microsupercapacitor manufacturing, the active electrode, collector, and separator materials must be deposited onto the surface of wafers. The deposition of the electrode material can be achieved through two different strategies, i.e., spin-coating and a direct growth of materials [17,36,44]. For the spin coating route, stable inks containing supercapacitor active materials must be prepared.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Graphene-based materials have shown a great promise as electrode materials, due to their high electrical conductivity, large surface-to-volume ratio and excellent flexibility [36,40,41,42]. Therefore, a number of studies have been devoted to examining graphene-based materials as electrode materials for supercapacitor applications [43,44,45,46,47,48,49,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Carbon-Based Electrode Materials for Microsupercapacitors in Self-Powering Sensor Networks: Present and Future Development

Smith

Vyas

et al. 2019

Sensors

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There is an urgent need to fulfill future energy demands for micro and nanoelectronics. This work outlines a number of important design features for carbon-based microsupercapacitors, which enhance both their performance and integration potential and are critical for complimentary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) compatibility. Based on these design features, we present CMOS-compatible, graphene-based microsupercapacitors that can be integrated at the back end of the line of the integrated circuit fabrication. Electrode materials and their interfaces play a crucial role for the device characteristics. As such, different carbon-based materials are discussed and the importance of careful design of current collector/electrode interfaces is emphasized. Electrode adhesion is an important factor to improve device performance and uniformity. Additionally, doping of the electrodes can greatly improve the energy density of the devices. As microsupercapacitors are engineered for targeted applications, device scaling is critically important, and we present the first steps toward general scaling trends. Last, we outline a potential future integration scheme for a complete microsystem on a chip, containing sensors, logic, power generation, power management, and power storage. Such a system would be self-powering.

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“…Microsupercapacitor (MSC) technology is recognized as a viable route for this purpose, because MSCs can be charged and discharged much more rapidly than batteries and have an almost unlimited lifetime. [ 3–9 ]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Finger Number and Device Performance: A Case Study of Reduced Graphene Oxide Microsupercapacitors

Smith

Vyas

et al. 2020

Physica Status Solidi (b)

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Microsupercapacitors (MSCs) are recognized as suitable energy storage devices for the internet of things (IoTs) applications. Herein is described the work conducted to assess the areal energy and power densities of MSCs with 2, 10, 20, and 40 interdigital finger electrodes on a fixed device footprint area (the finger interspacing is fixed at 40 μm, and the finger width and length are allowed to vary to fit the footprint area). The MSCs are based on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) materials and fabricated with a spin‐coating and etch method. The performance evaluation indicates a strong dependency of areal capacitance and energy density on the number of fingers, and the maximum (impedance match) power density is also influenced to a relatively large extent, whereas the average power density is not sensitive to the configuration parameters in the present evaluation settings (scan rate 20–200 mV s−1 and current density of 100 μA cm−2). For the rGO‐based devices, the equivalent distributed resistance may play an important role in determining the device resistance and power‐related performance.

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Compact and low loss electrochemical capacitors using a graphite / carbon nanotube hybrid material for miniaturized systems

Cited by 35 publications

References 55 publications

Triboelectric Power Generation from Heterostructured Air‐Laid Paper for Breathable and Wearable Self‐Charging Power System

Triboelectric Power Generation from Heterostructured Air‐Laid Paper for Breathable and Wearable Self‐Charging Power System

Carbon-Based Electrode Materials for Microsupercapacitors in Self-Powering Sensor Networks: Present and Future Development

Finger Number and Device Performance: A Case Study of Reduced Graphene Oxide Microsupercapacitors

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