“…We start from 1985 because SDC does not provide complete uses of proceeds prior to 1985. Each deal in the sample satisfies the following requirements: (1) the transaction is completed and categorized by the SDC as a majority M&A transaction; (2) both parties in the transaction are independent corporations; 7 (3) acquirer and target are both U.S. companies; (4) acquirer must be listed on the NYSE, AMEX, or NASDAQ, and must exist in the CRSP database; (5) in order to control for the means of payment, only simple stock mergers, simple cash mergers, and stock-financed cash mergers that offered IPOs/SEOs in the 12 months preceding their announcement dates are included in the sample; (6) in order to estimate systematic risk, the trading days for an acquirer are at least 70 days prior to 6 Using a similar VAR analysis and similar definitions of quarterly IPO/SEO/M&A waves as in Colak and Tekatli (2013), we verified that for the 8 out of 10 of the 1-digit SIC industries, for the quarters between 1985/1 through 2007/4, equity waves (either the IPO or the SEO waves) lead the M&A wave by about two quarters (results are available through the authors).…”