Comorbidity of Substance Use and Violence

White, Helene Raskin; Conway, Fiona; Ward, Judit H.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-20779-3_26

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…Sacks et al (2009) found a stronger effect on violence from alcohol (odds ratio: 1.33) than from illicit drugs (odds ratio: 1.10) in a sample of people in substance abuse treatment programs, and a study of violence at ambulance attendances in Australia found that “[a]lcohol intoxication was involved in more than half of attendances where aggression/violence was recorded, and was almost twice as prevalent as those involving illicit drug use where aggression/violence was recorded” (Coomber et al, 2019: 1). A recent review by White et al (2019) found clear evidence of an association between alcohol use and violence, but no clear evidence from illicit drugs. Most of these studies and reviews did not investigate the effect specifically from cannabis, but a few that did found that acute cannabis intoxication tended not to increase, and might reduce, violent behavior (Boles and Miotto, 2003; Hoaken and Stewart, 2003).…”

Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Johnstad

2022

Drug Science, Policy and Law

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Researchers have associated cannabis use with risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident. However, this review shows that the association between moderate cannabis use and psychosis is no stronger, and often considerably weaker, than the corresponding association for moderate tobacco use. The same holds for associations with cognitive impairment. For the risk of traffic accident, the review confirms that the risk from alcohol use is substantially stronger than the risk from cannabis use, while the corresponding risk from tobacco use appears to be almost as strong as that from cannabis use. It thus appears that the risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident associated with cannabis use is generally comparable to that from tobacco use. The article discusses different interpretations of these comparative harms assessments and presents two points of methodological critique to argue that the risks associated with cannabis and other generally criminalized drugs are probably exaggerated. First, any measurement of harms associated with high escapist activities such as drug abuse will be affected by the general dysfunction associated with the underlying reason why a person settles for frequent escapism. From this perspective, cannabis and tobacco use disorder are probably both associated with underlying problems and life issues that are, in and of themselves, associated with psychopathology, and researchers should be careful not to conflate the selection effect from belonging to the population segment that opts for high escapist lifestyles with any (putative) harmful effect from drug use itself. Second, criminalization probably shifts the composition of the user population in the direction of more dysfunctional users. From this perspective, the association between substance use disorder and underlying problems and life issues is stronger for criminalized substances, since people who live troubled lives are less likely to be deterred by the prospect of legal problems.

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Section: Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Johnstad

2022

Drug Science, Policy and Law

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“…The particular problem behaviors identified for study were selected based on the theoretical perspectives described above and because they represent both potentially normative and severe risky behaviors. Heavy alcohol use was selected rather than other forms of substance use, such as smoking, because alcohol use is highly correlated with delinquency and violence (Doran, Luczak, Bekman, Koutsenok, & Brown, 2012;White, Conway, & Ward, 2019), yet may also differentiate a subgroup of youth who increasingly engage in alcohol use, but not other forms of risky behavior (Laska, Pasch, Lust, Story, & Ehlinger, 2009;Wu et al, 2010). Peer and dating violence were selected based on cross-sectional research that has found that these behaviors cooccur in some subgroups of youth, but not others, and thus may differentiate trajectory patterns (Garthe, Sullivan, & Behrhorst, 2018;Heinze et al, 2018;.…”

Section: The Current Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Codevelopment of Delinquency, Alcohol Use, and Aggression Toward Peers and Dates: Multitrajectory Patterns and Predictors

Reyes

Foshee

Gottfredson

et al. 2020

J of Research on Adolesc

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We aimed to characterize developmental patterns of involvement in alcohol use, delinquency, and interpersonal aggression in a normative sample of adolescents by applying multitrajectory group‐based modeling. Using seven waves of data from a cohort sequential study spanning the 6th to 12th grades (n = 2,825; 50% girls), we identified four distinct trajectory groups: low risk (33%), declining peer aggressors (44%), peer and dating aggressors (13%), and multidomain high risk (10%). Across all comparisons, girls were more likely than boys to be members of the peer and dating aggressor group and less likely to be members of the multidomain high‐risk group. Moreover, individual (self‐control, negative emotionality), family (family violence, parental monitoring), and peer (substance use norms) distinguished class membership.

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“…Penal institutions in the U.S. perpetuate the second-class citizenship of Black Americans as a permanent racial underclass deprived of fundamental civil rights created by slavery, replacing de jure segregation as a mechanism for creating and maintaining racial hierarchy (Alexander, 2010; Carbado & Richardson, 2017). Likewise, targeted aggressive policing, increased poverty (Ceccato, 2017; Muggah, 2012), distress (e.g., depression), and substance use (Carter et al, 2020; Duke et al, 2018; Lim & Lui, 2016; White et al, 2019), contribute to involvement in social/sexual networks and exposure to settings where substance use may be high, as well as behaviors associated with violence, HIV risk, and poor or delayed engagement in services (Holliday et al, 2019; Hotton et al, 2019; Quinn et al, 2016; Stansfield & Doherty, 2019; Tracy et al, 2019). During detainment, individuals who are incarcerated face exposure to physical violence from numerous sources including correctional staff and/or others who are incarcerated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimating the Influence of Incarceration on Subsequent Experience With Violence Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the HPTN061 Study

Dyer

Feelemyer

Scheidell

et al. 2021

J Interpers Violence

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Black men who have sex with men (BMSM) are disproportionately incarcerated in the United States. Incarceration is a barrier to health equity and may be a risk factor for experiences of interpersonal violence. However, the effect of incarceration on experienced violence among BMSM is understudied. We examined associations between recent incarceration on subsequent experiences of race- or sexuality-based violence, intimate partner violence, or community violence. We analyzed data from the HPTN 061 study. Analysis includes data on 1,169 BMSM recruited from 6 U.S. cities who were present at baseline as well as 6- and 12-month follow-up interview. We tested if self-reported incarceration between baseline and 6 months was associated with self-reported outcomes between 6 and 12 months using logistic regression with inverse probability of treatment weighting and multiple imputation methods. Experienced outcomes included violence due to race or sexuality, intimate partner violence and aggression, and community violence (i.e., gang violence, robbery, shooting). Approximately 14% reported incarceration between baseline and 6 months and 90% reported experiencing violence between 6 and 12 months. In adjusted analyses, incarceration was associated with subsequent race- or sexuality-based violence [a OR (adjusted odds ratio) range: 1.25-1.41, 95% CI (confidence interval) range: 1.00-1.74], experiences of physical abuse and aggression from intimate partners (a OR: 2.35; 95% CI: 1.50, 3.70) and community violence ( OR 1.82; 95% CI: 1.23, 2.72). Recent incarceration experience increased risk of exposure to future violence in this population. Mixed methods research examining mediating paths between and downstream effects of incarceration and violence on the wellbeing and health of BMSM is needed. We implore researchers to study violence and incarceration among BMSM. Practitione should implement strategies such as trauma-informed interventions, and policies strengthening the social and economic support needs of Black populations.

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Comorbidity of Substance Use and Violence

Cited by 5 publications

References 123 publications

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Comparative harms assessments for cannabis, alcohol, and tobacco: Risk for psychosis, cognitive impairment, and traffic accident

Codevelopment of Delinquency, Alcohol Use, and Aggression Toward Peers and Dates: Multitrajectory Patterns and Predictors

Estimating the Influence of Incarceration on Subsequent Experience With Violence Among Black Men Who Have Sex With Men in the HPTN061 Study

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