Comorbidities in Patients With Primary Sjögren's Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Comparative Registries‐Based Study

Abstract

Objective. To compare the prevalence of the main comorbidities in 2 large cohorts of patients with primary Sj€ ogren's syndrome (SS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), with a focus on cardiovascular (CV) diseases. Methods. This was a cross-sectional multicenter study where the prevalence of more relevant comorbidities in 2 cohorts was compared. Patients under followup from SJOGRENSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of Primary SS) and RELESSER (Spanish Rheumatology Society Registry of SLE), and who fulfilled the 2002 American-European Consensus Group and 1997 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria, respectively, were included. A binomial logistic regression analysis was carried out to explore potential differences, making general adjustments for age, sex, and disease duration and specific adjustments for each variable, including CV risk factors and treatments, when appropriate. Results. A total of 437 primary SS patients (95% female) and 2,926 SLE patients (89% female) were included. The mean age was 58.6 years (interquartile range [IQR] 50.0-69.9 years) for primary SS patients and 45.1 years (IQR 36.4-56.3 years) for SLE patients (P < 0.001), and disease duration was 10.4 years (IQR 6.0-16.7 years) and 13.0 years years), respectively (P < 0.001). Smoking, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension were associated less frequently with primary SS (odds ratio Conclusion. Primary SS patients have a consistently less serious CV comorbidity burden and a lower prevalence of severe infection than those with SLE. In contrast, their risk of lymphoma is greater.[

Prevalence of comorbidities in systemic sclerosis versus rheumatoid arthritis: a comparative, multicenter, matched-cohort study

“…It is well-established that comorbidities significantly contribute to the morbidity and mortality of rheumatic diseases; however, available data on their relative frequency and impact are limited [ 10 – 13 ]. Herein, we compared the prevalence of the most frequent comorbidities in two well-matched cohorts of patients with SSc and RA; to our knowledge this is the first such comparative study.…”

<p>Sj&ouml;gren&#39;s syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: links and risks</p>

“…Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, eg, arterial hypertension (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.39–0.66), dyslipidemia (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.98), and smoking (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.29–0.51), were less frequent in the pSS group than in SLE patients without sSS 47. A similar finding was observed for stroke/myocardial infarction (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) 47. The adjusted analysis for demographical characteristics, and disease duration revealed that serious infections were also less commonly observed in the pSS group (OR 0.62; 95% CI 0.44–0.86) than in SLE patients without sSS 47.…”

“…A recent large multicenter study, which included 437 pSS patients and 2,926 SLE patients, evaluated the frequency of cardiovascular events, severe infections, and fibromyalgia (FM) in pSS patients in comparison to SLE patients without sSS 47. This comparative analysis was adjusted for demographical features, disease duration, and previous therapies with glucocorticoids, and antimalarial and immunosuppressive drugs 47.…”

“…A recent large multicenter study, which included 437 pSS patients and 2,926 SLE patients, evaluated the frequency of cardiovascular events, severe infections, and fibromyalgia (FM) in pSS patients in comparison to SLE patients without sSS 47. This comparative analysis was adjusted for demographical features, disease duration, and previous therapies with glucocorticoids, and antimalarial and immunosuppressive drugs 47. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, eg, arterial hypertension (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.39–0.66), dyslipidemia (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.98), and smoking (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.29–0.51), were less frequent in the pSS group than in SLE patients without sSS 47.…”

“…This comparative analysis was adjusted for demographical features, disease duration, and previous therapies with glucocorticoids, and antimalarial and immunosuppressive drugs 47. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, eg, arterial hypertension (OR 0.51; 95% CI 0.39–0.66), dyslipidemia (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.61–0.98), and smoking (OR 0.39; 95% CI 0.29–0.51), were less frequent in the pSS group than in SLE patients without sSS 47. A similar finding was observed for stroke/myocardial infarction (OR 0.61; 95% CI 0.38–0.93) 47.…”