Comorbidades médicas em pacientes ambulatoriais com transtorno do humor bipolar tipo I

Abstract

Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) has been associated with high rates of general medical comorbidities (GMC) and medical risk factors. There have been scarce reports about this prevalence in Brazilian subjects with BD. Objective: Describe the prevalence of GMC in a sample of BD type I patients. Methods: Clinical records of 195 patients with BD type I were reviewed for identification of GMC. Patients with and without GMC were compared using the Mann-Whitney nonparametric test and the chi-Square test. Results: Sixty-three percent of patients had at least one medical comorbidity. The most prevalent conditions were: migraine (31.8%), hypothyroidism (24.1%), hypertension (11.3%), traumatic brain injuries (10.3%), asthma (9.7%), epilepsy (8.2%), diabetes (5.1%), stroke (2.1%) and hyperthyroidism (1%). Age and duration of illness were positively associated with the presence of GMC (p < 0.001). Discussion: In our study, in accordance with previous reports, the majority of patients presented at least one general medical disorder. The principal limitation of this study is the fact that diagnose of GMC was made based on self-report. There are scarce studies addressing GMC in the Brazilian population with BD and this report can contribute to improve diagnostic vigilance, assessment, treatment planning and decrease the burden associated with BD.

The "selfish brain" hypothesis for metabolic abnormalities in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia

“…The increased mortality observed in patients with schizophrenia and BD, along with an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease and diabetes, [24][25][26] has motivated the investigation of metabolic alterations.…”