“…In our laboratory TGA (thioglycolic acid) [7,8], also described as a sulfiding agent [15], was used to impregnate a commercial CoMo/Al 2 O 3 oxidic precursor. Recently due to its low cost and availability, citric acid has attracted much attention for the preparation of fresh catalysts [4,6,11]. Through the formation of Mo and/or Co complexes with the chelating agents, the improved HDS catalytic activities have been ascribed to (i) a decrease of the interaction between metals and the support [16e21] and/or to a lower formation of cobalt aluminate [2], (ii) an improvement of the Mo and/or Co dispersion [2,12,13,22e26], and (iii) the modification of the sulfidation of Co and Mo atoms (delay of Co sulfidation) [7,8,27e35].…”