Community Synergy of Lactic Acid Bacteria and Cleaner Fermentation of Oat Silage Prepared with a Multispecies Microbial Inoculant

Abstract

Oat natural silage is rich in Enterobacteriaceae , increasing gas production and fermentation loss. Lactic acid bacteria interact synergistically to form a dominant community during ensiling. Pediococci grow vigorously in the early stage of fermentation and create an anaerobic environment. Lactobacilli inhibit the harmful microorganisms and result in cleaner fermentation of oat silage.

Dynamics of gas and greenhouse gases of ensiling barley with lactic acid bacteria during fermentation

“…In our other study (unpublished), the gas production increased in the rst 4 days and then decreased in barley silage without any additives (Figure S3). The similar dynamics of gras production was also detected in silages of stylo, rice straw, and oat, respectively [13,24]. Furthermore, the gas production reached to peak at d 6 in CK but at d 3 in L1 and L2 (Table 1 and Figure S2).…”

“…The productions of gas and GHG decreased after d 6 in CK and after d 3 in L1 and L2 (Table 1 and Figure S2). Previous studies also revealed the reducing productions of gas and/or CO 2 in silage during late fermentation phase [13,24]. The CO 2 generated gradually leak out of the polyethylene lm of bunker silage during fermentation [17].…”

“…In oat silage, the gas production had negative correlation with Lactiplantibacillus and Lentilactobacillus at d 3, with Pediococcus and Lentilactobacillus at d 6, and with Lentilactobacillus, Lacticaseibacillus, and Pediococcus d 15, with Lacticaseibacillus at d 35, and with Lactiplantibacillus and Pediococcus at d 90 [24]. However, Chen et al [13] revealed the negative correlation of gas and CO 2 productions with Serratia, Sphingobacterium and Sphingomonas in rice straw silage and with Pediococcus, Klebsiella and Escherichia-Shigella in stylo silage.…”

“…Moreover, some studies reported that inoculating LAB reduces gas and CO 2 productions by optimizing bacterial communities in silage [13,24]. The activities of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactococcus might cause gas generated in oat silage [24]. Enterobacteriaceae may be involved in N 2 O formed in sorghum-sudangrass silage [26].…”

Synergistic effects of ferulic acid esterase‐producing lactic acid bacteria, cellulase and xylanase on the fermentation characteristics, fibre and nitrogen components and microbial community structure of Broussonetia papyrifera during ensiling

“…Previous studies have indicated that bacterial diversity can affect the quality and metabolites of silage, and the metabolites generated during ensiling can influence the microbial community. 39,51 Therefore, the relative abundance of Lactiplantibacillus was negatively correlated with silage pH (P < 0.001) and NH 3 concentration (P < 0.01) and was positively correlated with LA concentration (P < 0.001) and DM content (P < 0.01). These findings suggested that the rapid decrease in pH could be attributed mainly to the addition of LP and the acidification by LAB, 33 which inhibited the degradation of proteins 39,40 and preserved nutrients.…”