Community-survey based assessment of the geographic distribution and impact of maize lethal necrosis (MLN) disease in Kenya

Groote, Hugo De; Oloo, Francis; Tongruksawattana, Songporne; Das, Biswanath

doi:10.1016/j.cropro.2015.12.003

Cited by 65 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The USDA Foreign Agricultural Service estimates yield losses in Kenya as high as 10% for the 2014/15 marketing season amounting to over US$50 million (USDA 2014). De Groote et al (2016) conducted community-survey based assessment on distribution and impact of MLN disease in Kenya and reported 22% of the average maize production in 2013 affected by MLN, with an estimated economic loss of $187 million. The highest yield loss (59%) occurred in the moist transitional zone, with 32% yield loss in the moist mid-altitudes and 15% in the highlands (De Groote et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of tropical maize inbred lines for resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease

et al. 2017

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Maize lethal necrosis (MLN) disease is a recent outbreak in eastern Africa and has emerged as a significant threat to maize production in the region. The disease is caused by the co-infection of Maize chlorotic mottle virus and any member of potyviridae family. A total of 28 maize inbred lines with varying levels of tolerance to MLN were crossed in a halfdiallel mating design, and the resulting 340 F 1 crosses and four commercial checks were evaluated under MLN artificial inoculation at Naivasha, Kenya in 2015 and 2016 using an alpha lattice design with two replications. The objectives of the study were to (i) investigate the magnitude of general combining ability variance (r GCA 2 ) and specific combining ability variance (r SCA 2 ) and their interaction with years; (ii) evaluate the efficiencies of GCA based prediction and hybrid performance by means of a cross-validation procedure; (iii) estimate trait correlations in the hybrids; and (iv) identify the MLN tolerant single cross hybrids to be used as female parents for threeway cross hybrids. Results of the combined analysis of variance revealed that both GCA and SCA effects were significant (P \ 0.05) for all traits except for ear rot. For MLN scores at early and late stages, GCA effects were 2.5-3.5 times higher than SCA effects indicating that additive gene action is more important than non-additive gene action. The GCA based prediction efficiency for MLN resistance and grain yield accounted for 67-90% of the variations in the hybrid performance suggesting that GCA-based prediction can be proposed to predict MLN resistance and grain yield prior to field evaluation. Three parents, CKDHL120918, CML550, and CKLTI0227 with significant GCA effects for GY (0.61-1.21; P \ 0.05) were the most resistant to MLN. Hybrids ''CKLTI0227 9 CML550'', ''CKDHL120918 9 CKLTI0138'', and ''CKDHL120918 9 CKLTI0136'' ranked among the best performing hybrids with grain yield of 6.0-6.6 t/ha compared with mean yield of commercial check hybrids (0.6 t/ha). The MLN tolerant inbred lines and single cross hybrids identified in this study could be used to improve MLN tolerance in both public and private sector maize breeding programs in eastern Africa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic analysis of tropical maize inbred lines for resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease

et al. 2017

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“…MLN symptom expression results from coinfection with Maize chlorotic mottle virus (MCMV) and a potyvirus (Mahuku et al 2015). Since its introduction, MLN has been detected in several East African countries including Ethiopia, Uganda, South Sudan, Tanzania, DRC, and Rwanda, and up to 22% yearly yield loss has been reported (De Groote et al 2016;Hilker et al 2017;Mahuku et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling Epidemics in Seed Systems to Guide Management Strategies: The Case of Sweetpotato in Northern Uganda

Andersen

Buddenhagen

Rachkara

et al. 2017

Preprint

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“…The interaction causes a more aggressive condition known as maize lethal necrosis (MLN). MLN causes around 80% yield loss in heavily affected areas, and destroyed an estimated 22% of Kenya's 2013 maize crop 7,15 . SCMV is the reported co-infecting virus in recent reports of MLN outbreaks in China, East Africa, and Ecuador 7,8,16 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A first global phylogeny ofMaize chlorotic mottle virus

Braidwood

Quito-Avila

Cabanas

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Maize chlorotic mottle virus has been rapidly spreading around the globe over the past decade. The interactions of Maize chlorotic mottle virus with potyviridae viruses causes an aggressive synergistic viral condition -maize lethal necrosis, which can cause total yield loss. Maize production in sub-Saharan Africa, where it is the most important cereal, is threatened by the arrival of maize lethal necrosis. We obtained Maize chlorotic mottle virus genome sequences from across East Africa and for the first time from Ecuador and Hawaii, and constructed a phylogeny which highlights the similarity of Chinese to African isolates, and Ecuadorian to Hawaiian isolates. We used a measure of clustering, the adjusted Rand index, to extract region-specific SNPs and coding variation that can be used for diagnostics. The population genetics analysis we performed shows that the majority of sequence diversity is partitioned between populations, with diversity extremely low within China and East Africa.

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Community-survey based assessment of the geographic distribution and impact of maize lethal necrosis (MLN) disease in Kenya

Cited by 65 publications

References 17 publications

Genetic analysis of tropical maize inbred lines for resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease

Genetic analysis of tropical maize inbred lines for resistance to maize lethal necrosis disease

Modeling Epidemics in Seed Systems to Guide Management Strategies: The Case of Sweetpotato in Northern Uganda

A first global phylogeny ofMaize chlorotic mottle virus

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