Community structure and ecological function of deep-water sponge grounds in the Traenadypet MPA—Northern Norwegian continental shelf

Kutti, Tina; Bannister, Raymond; Fosså, Jan Helge

doi:10.1016/j.csr.2013.09.011

Cited by 92 publications

(141 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…After examining material collected during the deep-sea NEREIDA 2009 campaign off Newfoundland, we concluded that the S. ponderosus recorded off Newfoundland is in fact S. fortis (Murillo et al, 2012;Kenchington et al, 2013;Kutti et al, 2013). For example, UPSZMC 78303 from the Flemish Cap has oxyasters which are 30-44.5-75 mm (N ¼ 10) in diameter.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demosponges from the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge shed more light on the diversity and biogeography of North Atlantic deep-sea sponges

Cárdenas

Rapp

2015

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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In July-August 2004, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge Ecosystems (MAR-Eco) expedition collected Demospongiae (Porifera) from the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) north of the Azores, between 418N and 618N. Demosponges were found at 10 stations, at depths ranging from 753 to 3046 m. Twenty-two species were identified: 17 Tetractinellida, one Polymastiida, one Suberitida, two Poecilosclerida and one Dendroceratida. The study of this material is an opportunity to revise the taxonomy and the North Atlantic distribution of each of these deep-sea species. Some species are particularly rare and poorly known (Tetilla longipilis, Tetilla sandalina, Craniella azorica, Polymastia corticata) and two are new to science: Forcepia (Forcepia) toxafera sp. nov. and Iotroata paravaridens sp. nov. This study suggests that the MAR is not a longitudinal barrier for the dispersal of deep-sea demosponges while on the contrary, the Charlie-Gibbs Fracture Zone (CGFZ) may be a latitudinal border for the dispersal of deep-sea demosponges, due to great depths and currents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Demosponges from the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge shed more light on the diversity and biogeography of North Atlantic deep-sea sponges

Cárdenas

Rapp

2015

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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“…The duration of the incubations was 7.9 ± 2.6 h, and the O 2 concentrations had by then dropped on average by 13%. On-board respiration rates for sponges (Geodia barretti) were obtained in a similar way, using larger incubation chambers, yet during earlier cruises (transect HL5-5, in Kutti et al, 2013).…”

Section: Incubation-based Community Respiration Ratesmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Moreover, Kutti et al (2013) estimated that reef-associated sponge grounds can also process considerable amounts of OC, based on sponge abundance data and laboratory-based respiration rates. Yet, until now, there has been no experimental in situ validation of this "high OC processing" hypothesis.…”

Section: C) (E)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seafloor in the Traena Deep Coral reef field (Norwegian continental shelf) consists of three main habitat types (BuhlMortensen et al, 2010;Kutti et al, 2013): (i) elongated, cigarshaped reefs (100-150 m long, 25-55 m wide and on average 7 m high) formed by the reef-building coral Lophelia pertusa, (ii) dense sponge grounds surrounding the coral reefs, consisting of aggregations of large demosponges, and (iii) stretches of bare sediment, containing typical soft-sediment infauna, which are located further away from the reefs and sponge grounds.…”

Section: Study Site and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The seafloor in the Traena Deep Coral reef field (Norwegian continental shelf) comprises three main habitat types (BuhlMortensen et al, 2010;Kutti et al, 2013): (i) elongated, cigarshaped reefs (100-150 m long, 25-55 m wide and on average 7 m high) formed by the reef-building coral Lophelia pertusa, (ii) dense sponge grounds surrounding the coral reefs, consisting of aggregations of large demosponges, and (iii) stretches of bare sediment away from the reefs, containing typical soft-sediment infauna. Video transects in the footprint area of the AqEC lander at the Reef site R1 revealed a mosaic of four main reef habitat types: live coral framework (covering 53% of the transect), mixed live and dead coral framework (8%), dead coral framework (12%), and coral rubble (27%) ( Table 4).…”

Section: Reef Habitat Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cold-water coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds: hotspots of benthic respiration and organic carbon cycling in the deep sea

et al. 2015

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Cold-water coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds are distributed widely in the deep ocean, where only a small fraction of the surface productivity reaches the seafloor as detritus. It remains elusive how these hotspots of biodiversity can thrive in such a food-limited environment, as data on energy flow and organic carbon utilization are critically lacking. Here we report in situ community respiration rates for cold-water coral and sponge ecosystems obtained by the non-invasive aquatic Eddy Correlation technique. Oxygen uptake rates over coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds in the Traena Coral Field (Norway) were 9-20 times higher than those of the surrounding soft sediments. These high respiration rates indicate strong organic matter consumption, and hence suggest a local focusing onto these ecosystems of the downward flux of organic matter that is exported from the surface ocean. Overall, our results show that coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds are hotspots of carbon processing in the food-limited deep ocean, and that these deep-sea ecosystems play a more prominent role in marine biogeochemical cycles than previously recognized.

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Phagocytosis of microbial symbionts balances the carbon and nitrogen budget for the deep‐water boreal sponge Geodia barretti

Leys

Kahn

Fang

et al. 2017

Limnology & Oceanography

124

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Geodia barretti is a massive nearly spherical sponge that forms dense assemblages on the continental shelf of the North Atlantic and the Norwegian Sea. We studied the metabolism of individual sponges collected using a remotely operated vehicle and maintained in large tanks with high volumes of unfiltered water brought from 160 m depth. We used direct methods (In‐Ex) to measure excurrent flow rates, oxygen removed, and carbon and nutrient flux through the sponges. G. barretti had very low specific filtration (0.26 mL min−1 mL−1 sponge tissue) and low respiration (5.34 ± 0.98 nmol O2 min−1 mL−1 sponge tissue; 8.44 ± 1.51 μmol O2 h−1 g C−1) rates in comparison to other sponges. A net release of nitrogen was detected as NO3−. Bacteria were removed from the water filtered with up to 99% efficiency, yet comprised only 5% of the sponges′ total carbon budget; the remainder consisted of dissolved organic carbon and detritus. High bacterial removal was aided by the presence of a tight gasket of cells that surrounds the collar of each choanocyte filter. A test for potential bypass canals showed removal of fluorescent microspheres until they were excreted 5–12 h after feeding. Electron micrographs showed active uptake of Escherichia coli “fed” to the sponge as well as phagocytosis of symbiont microbes by sponge cells in the mesohyl. These data provide the first comprehensive study of metabolism in a deep‐water high microbial abundance sponge.

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Community structure and ecological function of deep-water sponge grounds in the Traenadypet MPA—Northern Norwegian continental shelf

Cited by 92 publications

References 63 publications

Demosponges from the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge shed more light on the diversity and biogeography of North Atlantic deep-sea sponges

Demosponges from the Northern Mid-Atlantic Ridge shed more light on the diversity and biogeography of North Atlantic deep-sea sponges

Cold-water coral reefs and adjacent sponge grounds: hotspots of benthic respiration and organic carbon cycling in the deep sea

Phagocytosis of microbial symbionts balances the carbon and nitrogen budget for the deep‐water boreal sponge Geodia barretti

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