Community respiratory viruses and healthcare-associated infections: epidemiological and clinical aspects

Yamaguto, Guilherme Eiji; Zhen, Felipe; Moreira, Mauricio M; Montesanti, Bernardo M; Raboni, Sônia Mara

doi:10.1016/j.jhin.2022.01.009

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The increase in the spread of infections by isolated MDR bacteria in the winter season may be a result of frequent visits to hospitals because of diseases associated with winter; in this respect, the results of our study agree with those of other reports [42][43][44][45]. Interestingly, the bacteria occurring most often in winter are respiratory pathogens, such as S. aureus MRSA.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative De Novo and Pan-Genome Analysis of MDR Nosocomial Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi,

Al-Judaibi,

Al-Rashede

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are one of the most serious threats to public health, and one of the most important types of MDR bacteria are those that are acquired in a hospital, known as nosocomial. This study aimed to isolate and identify MDR bacteria from selected hospitals in Jeddah and analyze their antibiotic-resistant genes. Bacteria were collected from different sources and wards of hospitals in Jeddah City. Phoenix BD was used to identify the strains and perform susceptibility testing. Identification of selected isolates showing MDR to more than three classes on antibiotics was based on 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequencing. Genes conferring resistance were characterized using de novo and pan-genome analyses. In total, we isolated 108 bacterial strains, of which 75 (69.44%) were found to be MDR. Taxonomic identification revealed that 24 (32%) isolates were identified as Escherichia coli, 19 (25.3%) corresponded to Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 17 (22.67%) were methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Among the Gram-negative bacteria, K. pneumoniae isolates showed the highest resistance levels to most antibiotics. Of the Gram-positive bacteria, S. aureus (MRSA) strains were noticed to exhibit the uppermost degree of resistance to the tested antibiotics, which is higher than that observed for K. pneumoniae isolates. Taken together, our results illustrated that MDR Gram-negative bacteria are the most common cause of nosocomial infections, while MDR Gram-positive bacteria are characterized by a wider antibiotic resistance spectrum. Whole genome sequencing found the appearance of antibiotic resistance genes, including SHV, OXA, CTX-M, TEM-1, NDM-1, VIM-1, ere(A), ermA, ermB, ermC, msrA, qacA, qacB, and qacC.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative De Novo and Pan-Genome Analysis of MDR Nosocomial Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Alghamdi,

Al-Judaibi,

Al-Rashede

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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“…ospital-acquired respiratory viral infections are associated with increased mortality and morbidity and prolonged hospital stays (1). Hospital-acquired influenza (HAI) accounts for 10-15% of these infections (2)(3)(4). Previous studies reported the proportion of HAI to influenza-diagnosed patients admitted to the hospital between 4%-25% (5)(6)(7)(8).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of 28-Day Mortality Between Hospital- and Community-Acquired Influenza Patients

Bilgin,

Basari,

Pazar

et al. 2023

Infect Dis Clin Microbiol

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Objective: This study aimed to compare 28-day mortality between patients have hospital-acquired influenza (HAI) and those have community-acquired influenza (CAI) during the 2017-2019 influenza seasons in a tertiary care center in İstanbul, Türkiye. Materials and Methods: This retrospective cohort included all hospitalized patients who had confirmed influenza infection and were over 17 years old. HAI was defined as a case of influenza that tested negative in a PCR test or had no signs of influenza on admission but with a positive test result at any point after 72 hours of admission. CAI was defined as a case of influenza diagnosed within 72 hours of admission or before admission. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality after diagnosis. Biological sex, admission to the intensive care unit (ICU), presence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular and immunosuppressive comorbidities, influenza subtype, and other variables identified with univariate analyses (p<0.25) were entered into logistic regression analysis. Results: During the study period, 92 (46%) of 201 hospitalized patients who tested positive for influenza were identified as HAI, and the rest (109) were identified as CAI. Univariate analysis showed no differences between survivors and non-survivors in patient characteristics, except non-survivors were more likely to have an ICU admission. The multivariable logistic regression analysis results showed that HAI was associated with 5.6-fold increased odds of mortality (95% confidence interval [CI]=1.6-19.3; p=0.006, Figure 2), after adjustment for age, gender, comorbidity, and ICU admission. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that patients who had HAI were more likely to die within 28 days compared to those who had CAI after controlling for key confounders. The high rate of HAI underscores the critical importance of robust infection control measures for hospital-acquired viral infections. Additional research and targeted interventions are necessary to improve the HAI prognosis. Keywords: influenza, human, Influenza vaccines, cross infection, hospital-acquired viral illness, mortality

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Rhinoviruses

Falsey

Branche

2023

Reference Module in Biomedical Sciences

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Community respiratory viruses and healthcare-associated infections: epidemiological and clinical aspects

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Comparative De Novo and Pan-Genome Analysis of MDR Nosocomial Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Comparative De Novo and Pan-Genome Analysis of MDR Nosocomial Bacteria Isolated from Hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

Comparison of 28-Day Mortality Between Hospital- and Community-Acquired Influenza Patients

Rhinoviruses

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