Community replacement, ecological shift and early warning signals prior to the end-Permian mass extinction: A case study from a nearshore clastic-shelf section in South China

Zhang, Yang; Shi, G.R.; Wu, Huiting; Yang, Tinglu; He, Wei; Yuan, Aihua; Lei, Yong

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2017.07.042

Cited by 27 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Although strictly applicable only to Iranian ammonoids, our study adds to the growing body of evidence that environmental stress was above background in the last million years of the Permian period, and that this stress affected organisms more than commonly assumed. For example, a late Changhsingian decline of body size has been noted in brachiopods of South China (He et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2016), which in Guizhou is also associated with community turnover (Zhang et al, 2017). A substantial pre-mass extinction decline was also noted for radiolarians in deep-water sections Feng and Algeo, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre–mass extinction decline of latest Permian ammonoids

Kiessling

Schobben

Ghaderi

et al. 2018

Geology

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The devastating end-Permian mass extinction is widely considered to have been caused by large-scale and rapid greenhouse gas release by Siberian magmatism. Although the proximate extinction mechanisms are disputed, there is widespread agreement that a major extinction pulse occurred immediately below the biostratigraphically defined Permian-Triassic boundary. Our statistical analyses of stratigraphic confidence intervals do not comply with a single end-Permian extinction pulse of ammonoids in Iran. High turnover rates and extinction pulses are observed over the last 700 k.y. of the Permian period in two widely separated sections representative of a larger area. Analyses of body sizes and morphological complexity support a gradual decline over the same interval. Similar pre-mass extinction declines and disturbances of the carbon cycle have sometimes been reported from other regions, suggesting a widespread, but often overlooked, environmental deterioration at a global scale, well before the traditional main extinction pulse.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre–mass extinction decline of latest Permian ammonoids

Kiessling

Schobben

Ghaderi

et al. 2018

Geology

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“…Although the taxonomic richness from the Great Bank of Guizhou microbialite unit is relatively high for a post‐extinction community, other ecological parameters suggest that the fauna is significantly impoverished when compared to the latest Permian faunas (e.g., Zhang et al, ). Foraminifera record a 90% extinction rate across the Permian/Triassic boundary (Song et al, ), and ostracods record a 66% decline in species richness (Forel, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent Environmental Stress Delayed the Recovery of Marine Communities in the Aftermath of the Latest Permian Mass Extinction

Foster

Lehrmann

et al. 2018

Paleoceanog and Paleoclimatol

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The aftermath of the latest Permian mass extinction is a key interval for the evolution of modern marine ecosystems. It has been hypothesized that the magnitude of the mass extinction delayed the subsequent recovery, and so to test this, we undertook the highest resolution study to date of the post‐extinction (Griesbachian) microbialite unit on the Great Bank of Guizhou, south China. The benthic community from the microbialite unit is taxonomically diverse when compared to other coeval deposits, recording both inarticulate and articulate brachiopods, crinoids, echinoids, bivalves, gastropods, microconchids, and ostracods. Here we recognize 49 taxa from 4,557 individuals, which raise the known diversity of the Great Bank of Guizhou basal microbialite unit to 84 invertebrate species, making it the most diverse Early Triassic community currently reported. About 89% of the genera are Permian holdovers, whilst only 13% of the species are Permian holdovers. These new data record no temporal trends in the species richness, Simpson diversity, Simpson effective diversity, taxonomic distinctness, functional diversity, or body size of the benthos during the post‐extinction microbialite unit. Nevertheless, the small body sizes of the benthic community, prevalence of opportunistic taxa (e.g., Claraia), and the large lophophoral cavity in the lingulid brachiopod, Sinolingularia huananensis, suggests that these animals lived in a highly stressed environment. We propose that the microbialite unit contains a survival fauna in an interval that represents persistent environmental stress from the latest Permian mass extinction event, associated with deoxygenation, high temperatures, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide levels (pCO2), and elevated primary productivity.

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“…Quantitative paleoecological studies of Early Triassic benthic macroinvertebrates are limited to only a few regions, in particular the western United States (Schubert and Bottjer 1995;McGowan et al 2009;Hofmann et al 2013Hofmann et al , 2014, central Europe Foster et al 2015Foster et al , 2017aPietsch et al 2016), and South China (Payne et al 2006b;Hautmann et al 2015;Zhang et al 2017;Foster et al 2018), and to only a few localities within those regions, demonstrating that quantitative paleoecology is an underutilized tool in understanding the recovery of marine communities following the late Permian mass extinction event. Despite the rich paleontological history in central Europe only two areas have been quantitatively studied, i.e., the Dolomites, Italy Pietsch et al 2016;Foster et al 2017a) and the Aggtelek Karst, Hungary (Foster et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleoecological Analysis of Benthic Recovery After the Late Permian Mass Extinction Event in Eastern Lombardy, Italy

Foster

Danise

Price

et al. 2018

Palaios

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The late Permian mass extinction was the most severe biotic crisis of the Phanerozoic, with associated environmental changes that included the expansion of hypoxic and anoxic conditions in shallow shelf settings. It has been hypothesized that wave aeration promoted oxygen transport to the seafloor providing a 'habitable zone' in the shallowest marine environments that allowed the survival and rapid recovery of benthic invertebrates during the Early Triassic. We test this hypothesis by studying the rock and fossil records of the Lower Triassic Servino Formation, Italy. We also provide the first d 13 C carb isotope curve, and present new occurrence data of stratigraphically important fossils (i.e., cf. Tirolites cassianus), to improve the stratigraphic framework of the Servino Formation. The low-diversity fossil assemblages of the Servino Formation have similar compositions to other western Paleotethyan localities. Facies analysis demonstrates that benthic invertebrates were restricted to waveaerated settings, supporting the proposed 'habitable zone' hypothesis. However, there is no evidence for rapid recovery in the 'habitable zone' prior to the Spathian, which may indicate additional environmental stresses. In the lower Spathian Myophoria Beds Member, an increase in taxonomic and functional richness, the appearance of stenohaline, erect taxa, significant turnover, and increased heterogeneity in the composition of benthic assemblages indicate significant benthic recovery, which is attributed to reduced environmental stress. Prior to the late Spathian ''Upper Member'', bioturbation is poorly developed and restricted to only a few thin horizons, but in the ''Upper Member'' the intensity of bioturbation and proportion of bioturbated rock increase. This change can be attributed to climatic cooling and a related decrease in environmental stress. This upper Spathian recovery pulse can now be traced across the western Paleotethys, in both nearshore and deep offshore (below wave base) settings.

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Community replacement, ecological shift and early warning signals prior to the end-Permian mass extinction: A case study from a nearshore clastic-shelf section in South China

Cited by 27 publications

References 61 publications

Pre–mass extinction decline of latest Permian ammonoids

Pre–mass extinction decline of latest Permian ammonoids

Persistent Environmental Stress Delayed the Recovery of Marine Communities in the Aftermath of the Latest Permian Mass Extinction

Paleoecological Analysis of Benthic Recovery After the Late Permian Mass Extinction Event in Eastern Lombardy, Italy

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