Community Neighbourhood Park (CNP) Use in Cape Town’s Townships

Everyday human (in)securities in protected urban nature – Collaborative conservation at Macassar/Wolfgat dunes nature reserves, Cape Town, South Africa

“…Whilst 'bush of evil', aligned with black township residents, signifies perhaps a 'racist ecology' (Brownlow, 2006), exploring the everyday practices and the deeply situated historical relations of township residents to urban vegetation in Cape Town (Lawhon et al, 2014) indicates complex and ambiguous relations to urban trees and vegetation -perceived as both dangerous and feared and as a source of modernity and urban planning. Indeed, in the small, fragmented, and bare municipal parks that intermittently dot the densely settled townships (Willemse and Donaldson, 2012), the absence of vegetation is a key factor in residents' dissatisfaction; inhibiting park usage and making residents feel insecure (Green et al, 2010). Embedded in historical relations to physical insecurity, Ahluwalia and Zegeye (2003: 266) write how the denuded spaces of the townships were a dehumanising design mechanism of apartheid, aimed at maximising state security and surveillance:…”

“…Nonetheless, public spaces are marked by exclusion in Cape Town (Spocter, 2007;Dawson, 2005). The city's green spaces are indicative, with intense spatial inequalities apparent between previously White and non-White suburbs in access to urban parks (Willemse and Donaldson, 2012) and conservation areas (Goodness and Anderson, 2013). Landman argues public space access in post-apartheid South Africa must be examined from historical perspective, since: ''.…”

“…A survey of township residents in Cape Town found safety, crime, violence and vandalism were among the main reasons residents were dissatisfied with and not using their local municipal parks (Green et al, 2010;Willemse and Donaldson, 2012). Meanwhile, the national Victims of Crime Survey (SSA, 2011: 11) noted 36.4% of surveyed households in the Western Cape province avoided going to open spaces and parks due to fear of crime, and ''a third (33.6%) of sexual offences (including sexual assault, rape and domestic sexual abuse) occurred in a field or in parks''.…”

Perfil E Percepção Dos Frequentadores Do Parque Municipal São Lourenço De Curitiba – Pr

“…Apesar do fato de que a maioria da população urbana mundial está nos países em desenvolvimento, as pesquisas, no que diz respeito à percepção ambiental, se concentram nos países desenvolvidos (WILLEMSE, 2012).…”

Combination of Fuzzy-Ahp and Dematel-Anp With Gis in a New Hybrid McDm Model Used for the Selection of the Best Space for Leisure in a Blighted Urban Site

“…Development and creation of leisure spaces not only provides convenience, comfort and improved quality of life of citizens (Henderson 2007). It also plays a role in protection of the environment and sustainable development through a hierarchy of different designs (Thibault 2011), considering the real needs and possibilities (Willemse, Donaldson 2012), interactions (Konlaan et al 2002), the participation of effective factors (Stebbins 2013) and influences factors that impact on the views of users of these sites (Genoe 2010).…”