“…Studies on critical musicality (Costes-Onishi & Caleon, 2018, 2019; Green, 2008) found that extending the cognitive and affective dimensions of music appreciation through distinguishing musical skills and extra-musical knowledge is a learning process that is often neglected in music education. Yet scholars in music appreciation suggest that cognitive knowledge (historical and analytical) may lead to higher enjoyment of listening experience (Halpern, 1992) and that while affective factors are preconditions for music appreciation, cognitive factors facilitate its growth and depth (Lewis & Schmidt, 1991; Payne, 1980; Woody & Burns, 2001).…”