“…As students get older, they increasingly perceive a disconnection between school music and music experienced outside of school (De Vries, 2010; Greer, Dorow, & Randall, 1974; Hargreaves, Comber, & Colley, 1995; McPherson & Hendricks, 2010). In contrast to music experienced outside of school, some scholars have suggested that school music can be inhospitable (Higgins, 2007a, 2007b, 2012), undemocratic and noncreative (Allsup, 2003; Georgii-Hemming & Westvall, 2010; Green; 2002; Jaffurs, 2004), not conducive to the development of independent and self-directed learners (Lebler, 2007), and not affirming of students’ musical interests and skills (De Vries, 2010; McPhail, 2013). It is not that students dislike music; many of them just do not like school music (McPherson & Hendricks, 2010; Seifried, 2006; Shah, 2006; Temmerman, 1993).…”