Community-level responses of metabolically-active soil microorganisms to the quantity and quality of substrate inputs

Pennanen, Taina; Caul, Sandra; Daniell, Tim J.; Griffiths, Bryan S.; Ritz, Karl; Wheatley, Rebecca

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.01.014

Cited by 71 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Furthermore, while only a portion of the soil microbial pool is metabolically active (at different rates) at any given time [202], a more diverse community should increase the metabolically active pool of microbes, but also provide the genetic diversity to function under changing environmental conditions. A more abundant and diverse community would also maximize microbial competition and/or niche saturation rendering the soil more resistant to new invasion.…”

Section: Fundamental Information Lacking Regarding the Identities DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

et al. 2015

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Our objective is to provide an optimistic strategy for reversing soil degradation by increasing public and private research efforts to understand the role of soil biology, particularly microbiology, on the health of our world's soils. We begin by defining soil quality/soil health (which we consider to be interchangeable terms), characterizing healthy soil resources, and relating the significance of soil health to agroecosystems and their functions. We examine how soil biology influences soil health and how biological properties and processes contribute to sustainability of agriculture and ecosystem services. We continue by examining what can be done to manipulate soil biology to: (i) increase nutrient availability for production of high yielding, high quality crops; (ii) protect crops from pests, pathogens, weeds; and (iii) manage other factors limiting production, provision of ecosystem services, and resilience to stresses like droughts. Next we look to the future by asking what needs to be known about soil biology that is not currently recognized or fully understood and how these needs could be addressed using emerging research tools. We conclude, based on our perceptions of how new knowledge regarding soil biology will help make agriculture more sustainable and productive, by recommending research emphases that should receive first priority through enhanced public and private research in order to reverse the trajectory toward global soil degradation.

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Section: Fundamental Information Lacking Regarding the Identities DImentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

et al. 2015

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“…Metabolically active species synthesize larger amounts of RNA. Thus, the direct recovery of rRNA from environmental samples enables the metabolically active microbes to be detected and measured (Aneja et al 2004, Girvan et al 2004, Pennanen et al 2004). For the litter analyses, extracted RNA was immediately reverse transcribed into cDNA, which can be further PCR amplified and used in additional analyses (V).…”

Section: Microbiological Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic carbon-cycle related microbial communities in boreal peatlands: responses to water-level drawdown

Peltoniemi¹

2010

Diss. For.

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Boreal peatlands represent a considerable portion of the global carbon (C) pool. These environments are vulnerable to changes in water level (WL), which can vary dramatically in response to climate or land-use change. Water-level drawdown (WLD) causes peatland drying and induces a vegetation change, which in turn affects the decomposition of soil organic matter and the release of greenhouse gases (CO 2 and CH 4 ) into the atmosphere. The objective of this thesis was to study the microbial communities related to the C cycle and their response to WLD in two boreal peatlands.The first study site (Lakkasuo) is a boreal peatland complex that was partly drained in 1961 to investigate the long-term effects of WLD, and includes three site types with different nutrient levels. At the same location, an experiment simulating the predicted effect of climate change was carried out in 2001 to study the short-term effects of WLD. The second study site (Suonukkasuo) is a boreal fen with a WL gradient caused by a groundwater extraction plant; the undisturbed fen grades into a pine-dominated peatland forest. Microbial communities were studied with phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis, PCR-DGGE and multivariate analysis.Both sampling depth and site type had a strong impact on all microbial communities. In general, bacteria dominated the deeper layers of the nutrient-rich fen and the wettest surfaces of the nutrient-poor bog sites, whereas fungi seemed more abundant in the drier surfaces of the nutrient-poor bog. WLD clearly affected the microbial communities but the effect was dependent on site type. Fungi and Gram-negative bacteria seemed to benefit and actinobacteria to suffer from the WLD in the fens. The fungal and methane-oxidizing bacteria (MOB) community composition changed at all sites but the actinobacterial community response was apparent only in the nutrientrich fen after WLD.The actinobacterial response to WLD was minor compared to that of the fungal community. The response was greatest in the nutrient-rich fen and least in the nutrient-poor bog. Microbial communities became more similar among sites after long-term WLD. Litter quality had a large impact on community composition, whereas the effects of site type and WLD were relatively minor. The decomposition rate of fresh organic matter was influenced slightly by actinobacteria, but not at all by fungi. Overall, the results were in line with patterns of vegetation change in the study sites.Field respiration measurements in the northern fen indicated that short term WLD accelerates the decomposition of soil organic matter. In addition, a correlation between activity and certain fungal sequences indicated that community composition affects the decomposition of old organic matter in deeper layers of the peat profile. Fungal sequences were matched to taxa capable of utilizing a broad range of substrates. Most of the actinobacterial sequences could not be matched to characterized taxa in reference databases. WLD had a negative impact on CH 4 oxidation, especiall...

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“…Edaphic factors that are purported to be significant drivers of soil microbial community structure include soil pH (20,52,61); the quantity, quality, and availability of soil carbon (C) (5,11,47) and nitrogen (N) (48,53), soil water (17,28), texture (12), and mineralogy (23). These factors may exert an influence on the microbial community structure simultaneously and produce interactive and feedback effects (1).…”

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confidence: 99%

Soil Microbial Community Successional Patterns during Forest Ecosystem Restoration

Banning

Gleeson

Grigg

et al. 2011

Appl Environ Microbiol

227

150

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Soil microbial community characterization is increasingly being used to determine the responses of soils to stress and disturbances and to assess ecosystem sustainability. However, there is little experimental evidence to indicate that predictable patterns in microbial community structure or composition occur during secondary succession or ecosystem restoration. This study utilized a chronosequence of developing jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata) forest ecosystems, rehabilitated after bauxite mining (up to 18 years old), to examine changes in soil bacterial and fungal community structures (by automated ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis [ARISA]) and changes in specific soil bacterial phyla by 16S rRNA gene microarray analysis. This study demonstrated that mining in these ecosystems significantly altered soil bacterial and fungal community structures. The hypothesis that the soil microbial community structures would become more similar to those of the surrounding nonmined forest with rehabilitation age was broadly supported by shifts in the bacterial but not the fungal community. Microarray analysis enabled the identification of clear successional trends in the bacterial community at the phylum level and supported the finding of an increase in similarity to nonmined forest soil with rehabilitation age. Changes in soil microbial community structure were significantly related to the size of the microbial biomass as well as numerous edaphic variables (including pH and C, N, and P nutrient concentrations). These findings suggest that soil bacterial community dynamics follow a pattern in developing ecosystems that may be predictable and can be conceptualized as providing an integrated assessment of numerous edaphic variables.

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Community-level responses of metabolically-active soil microorganisms to the quantity and quality of substrate inputs

Cited by 71 publications

References 32 publications

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

Understanding and Enhancing Soil Biological Health: The Solution for Reversing Soil Degradation

Aerobic carbon-cycle related microbial communities in boreal peatlands: responses to water-level drawdown

Soil Microbial Community Successional Patterns during Forest Ecosystem Restoration

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