Community-level influences on individuals' social bonds, peer associations, and delinquency: A multilevel analysis

Cattarello, Anne M.

doi:10.1080/07418820000094471

Cited by 32 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Second, it has been documented that juvenile offenders are more likely to reside in poor communities characterized as being socially disorganized (Shaw & McKay, 1969): hence such communities may possess attributes that place delinquents at greater risk for STDs. Third, a large body of research indicates that community level factors significantly predict individual delinquent behavior, as well as risky sexual behavior, above and beyond individual level predictors (e.g., Cattarello, 2000; Elliott et al, 1996; Gottfredson, McNeil & Gottfredson, 1991; Upchurch et al, 1999). Finally, empirical research examining the covariation between macro-level factors and STD infections among juvenile offenders is extremely rare.…”

Section: Community Level Factors Associated With Stdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and community risk factors and sexually transmitted diseases among arrested youths: a two level analysis

et al. 2009

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Scholars have long acknowledged a connection between individual conditions and community factors. Contemporary research in public health and epidemiology, in particular, has demonstrated that the health of the individual and the health of the community are linked. This is particularly important when studying the prevalence and transmission of communicable diseases such as sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). While the importance of multilevel research in public health and other paradigms has been asserted, existing multilevel studies of conditions such as STDs are limited. The present study examines the connection between individual-level attributes and community-level characteristics in explaining the prevalence of STDs among an at-risk sample of juvenile offenders. Individual Level Factors Associated with STDsMore than twenty years ago, Bell, Farrow, Stamm, Critchlow, and Holmes (1985:33) suggested that "adolescent detainees may be disproportionately important as a core-group of transmitters of STDs." Recent estimates from incarcerated youth indicate this statement remains true (Canterbury et al., 1995;Joesoef, Kahn, & Weinstock, 2006;Kahn et al., 2005;Morris, Baker, Valentine, & Pennisi, 1998;Pack, DiClemente, Hook, & Oh, 2000). In particular, chlamydia and gonorrhea rates among male adolescent detainees have been found to be 152 times greater than the general population in the same age range (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 1996). More recently, the CDC (2006) reported a 6.3 percent median state STD positive rate for females aged 15 to 24 tested at family clinics, whereas the median state positive rate for females tested in juvenile correctional facilities was over twice that (14.2%).These high rates of STD infection among juvenile delinquents highlight the need to address this critical public health concern. Identifying the risk factors associated with sexually transmitted diseases is a first, and much needed, step towards obtaining an in-depth understanding of the high STD prevalence rates among juvenile offenders. Such knowledge NIH Public Access NIH-PA Author ManuscriptNIH-PA Author Manuscript NIH-PA Author Manuscriptcan inform the development of interventions to reduce risk behaviors and increase access to STD testing and treatment that target at-risk subgroups of youths.Prior research indicates that risky sexual behavior, including STD infection, among juvenile offenders varies by important individual-level characteristics including race (CDC, 2002), gender (Joesoef et al., 2006;Kahn et al., 2005), age (Teplin, Mericle, McClelland, & Abram, 2003), and drug use (Teplin et al., 2005). Female juvenile offenders consistently have disproportionately higher rates of STDs than their male counterparts (Kahn et al., 2005;Mertz, Voigt, Hutchins, & Levine, 2002). For example, Joesoef et al. (2006) estimate that chlamydia positive rates range from 13.0 percent to 24.7 percent in incarcerated adolescent female populations and from 4.8 percent to 8.1 percent among incarcerated male adolescents;...

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Section: Community Level Factors Associated With Stdsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual and community risk factors and sexually transmitted diseases among arrested youths: a two level analysis

et al. 2009

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“…The theory of social disorganization provides a framework for explaining why crime rates may be higher in communities that are characterized by high population turnover, ethnic/racial heterogeneity, and residential instability (Bursik & Grasmick, 1993; Shaw & McKay, 1942). In addition, familial, and peer group influences appear to exert a substantial influence on delinquent behavior (Cattarello, 2000; Chung & Steinberg, 2006; Haynie, Silver, & Teasdale, 2006; Welsh, Greene, & Jenkins, 1999). Although many studies have examined the relationship between social context and criminal behavior, few studies have investigated neighborhood effects on physical aggression among multi-ethnic urban youth during early adolescence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Multi-Level Approach to Investigating Neighborhood Effects on Physical Aggression among Urban Chicago Youth

et al. 2011

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The current study evaluates neighborhood effects, individual-level effects, and demographic characteristics that influence physically aggressive behavior among urban youth. Using data derived from 5,812 adolescents from Project Northland Chicago (PNC) and Heirarchical Linear Modeling (HLM) techniques, the results suggested that neighborhood problems significantly predicted physical aggression, before and after adjustment for individual-level risk factors (alcohol use, peer alcohol use, lack of adult supervision, and depression) and demographics. After accounting for baseline physical aggression, however, neighborhood problems were no longer a significant predictor of physical aggression. Implications for intervention at both the neighborhood and individual-level and study limitations are also discussed.

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“…Once controls for delinquent peer associations were included, social disorganization had nonsignificant effects on delinquency in a study by Cattarello (2000). Jennings, Maldonado-Molina, Reingle, and Komro (2011) found neighborhood problems, such as drug dealing, unsupervised youth, alcohol drinking, liquor stores, alcohol advertisements, and poor police response, no longer significant in predicting aggression among urban youth in Chicago, once baseline levels of aggression were included in the model.…”

Section: Context and Crimementioning

confidence: 99%

A Multilevel Examination of Risk/Need Change Scores, Community Context, and Successful Reentry of Committed Juvenile Offenders

Baglivio

Wolff

Jackowski

et al. 2016

Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice

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Current theory and practice dictates the use of risk/needs assessment to guide programming to reduce reoffending. Limited research has examined assessment change scores and recidivism, none examining whether such changes moderate the effects of deleterious community contexts. We examine a multiyear statewide sample of juvenile offenders returning to the community from residential placement (N ¼ 12,302). We address whether changes in dynamic risk/needs scores predict official recidivism upon return, community socioeconomic contexts predict recidivism, and which risk/needs changes moderate the effects of context. Findings reveal 6 of the 17 change scores affect reoffending, context matters, and some change scores moderate contextual effects.

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Community-level influences on individuals' social bonds, peer associations, and delinquency: A multilevel analysis

Cited by 32 publications

References 35 publications

Individual and community risk factors and sexually transmitted diseases among arrested youths: a two level analysis

Individual and community risk factors and sexually transmitted diseases among arrested youths: a two level analysis

A Multi-Level Approach to Investigating Neighborhood Effects on Physical Aggression among Urban Chicago Youth

A Multilevel Examination of Risk/Need Change Scores, Community Context, and Successful Reentry of Committed Juvenile Offenders

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