Community Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate: Relationships Between Serum Concentrations and Exposure Sources

Emmett, Edward A.; Shofer, Frances S.; Zhang, Hong; Freeman, D.W.; Desai, Chintan S.; Shaw, Leslie M.

doi:10.1097/01.jom.0000232486.07658.74

Cited by 318 publications

(333 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…The effective concentrations in experimental animals have been of similar magnitude to concentrations in occupationally exposed workers, or 4-5 times higher than has been reported for individuals living in highly exposed communities (9,10). These concentrations are still substantially higher than the concentrations found among the general population (average PFOA concentration in the US population is 4-5 ng/ml) (11).…”

Section: Perfluorinated Chemicals and Breastfeeding Durationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Maternal concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and duration of breastfeeding

Fei

McLaughlin

Lipworth³

et al. 2010

Scand J Work Environ Health

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Section: Perfluorinated Chemicals and Breastfeeding Durationmentioning

confidence: 73%

Maternal concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and duration of breastfeeding

Fei

McLaughlin

Lipworth³

et al. 2010

Scand J Work Environ Health

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“…Exposure models indicate PFOA and other perfluorinated carboxylates may decline in the future as a result of reduction of manufacturing emissions and residual fluorotelomer raw materials (21). Besides general population exposure, PFOA contamination of community drinking water sources has also been reported (23)(24)(25).…”

Section: Comparison Of American Red Cross and Cdc Nhanes 1999-2006mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decline in Perfluorooctanesulfonate and Other Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in American Red Cross Adult Blood Donors, 2000−2006

Olsen

Mair

Church

et al. 2008

Environ. Sci. Technol.

222

185

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In 2000, 3M Company, the primary global manufacturer, announced a phase-out of perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride (POSF, C 8 F 17 SO 2 F)-based materials after perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS, C 8 F 17 SO 3 -) was reported in human populations and wildlife. The purpose of this study was to determine whether PFOS and other polyfluoroalkyl concentrations in plasma samples, collected in 2006 from six American Red Cross adult blood donor centers, have declined compared to nonpaired serum samples from the same locations in 2000-2001. For each location, 100 samples were obtained evenly distributed by age (20-69 years) and sex. Analytes measured, using tandem mass spectrometry, were PFOS, perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS), perfluorobutanesulfonate (PFBS), N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate (Me-PFOSA-AcOH), and N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate (Et-PFOSA-AcOH). The geometric mean plasma concentrations were for PFOS 14.5 ng/mL (95% CI 13.9-15.2), PFOA 3.4 ng/ mL (95% CI 3.3-3.6), and PFHxS 1.5 ng/mL (95% CI 1.4-1.6). The majority of PFBS, Me-PFOSA-AcOH, and Et-PFOSA-AcOH concentrations were less than the lower limit of quantitation. Age-and sex-adjusted geometric means were lower in 2006 (approximately 60% for PFOS, 25% for PFOA, and 30% for PFHxS) than those in 2000-2001. The declines for PFOS and PFHxS are consistent with their serum elimination half-lives and the time since the phase-out of POSF-based materials. The shorter serum elimination half-life for PFOA and its smaller percentage decline than PFOS suggests PFOA concentrations measured in the general population are unlikely to be solely attributed to POSF-based materials. Direct and indirect exposure sources of PFOA could include historic and ongoing electrochemical cell fluorination (ECF) of PFOA, telomer production of PFOA, fluorotelomer-based precursors, and other fluoropolymer production.

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“…However, in industrially contaminated areas median serum concentration of 354 ng/ml PFOA was reported (Emmett et al, 2006), corresponding to serum concentrations after 0.1 mg/kg PFOA (Table 4). The concentrations determined after 0.01 mg/kg PFOS (Table 4) are comparable to serum concentrations of 1-116 ng/ml in general European populations (Fromme et al, 2009).…”

Section: Determination Of Internal Doses Of Pfoa and Pfosmentioning

confidence: 99%

In utero exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) did not increase body weight or intestinal tumorigenesis in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min/+) mice

Ngo

Hetland

Sabaredzovic

et al. 2014

Environmental Research

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We examined whether perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) had obesogenic effects and if they increased spontaneous intestinal tumorigenesis in the mouse model C57BL/6J-Min/+ (multiple intestinal neoplasia) after in utero exposure. The dams were exposed to PFOA or PFOS (0.01, 0.1 or 3.0 mg/kg bw/day) by po gavage on GD1-17. TheMin/+ and wild-type offspring were terminated at week 11 for examination of intestinal tumorigenesis or at week 20 for obesogenic effect, respectively. Body weights of the dams and pups were recorded throughout life. Food intake was determined at week 6 and 10. Blood glucose (non-fasted) was measured at week 6 and 11. No obesogenic effect of PFOA or PFOS was observed up to 20 weeks of age. PFOA or PFOS did not increase the incidence or number of tumors in the small intestine or colon of the Min/+ mice or affect their location along the intestines. Feed intake was not affected. There were some indications of toxicity of PFOA, but not of PFOS. There was lower survival of pups after 3.0 mg/kg PFOA, lower body weight in pups after 3.0 and possibly 0.1 mg/kg PFOA, and increased relative liver weight after 0.01 and possibly 0.1 mg/kg PFOA. Plasma glucose was lower after 0.01 and 0.1 mg/kg PFOA. In conclusion, exposure to PFOA and PFOS in utero with the doses used did not have obesogenic effect on either Min/+ or wild-type mice, at least not up to 11 or 20 weeks of age, nor increased intestinal tumorigenesis in Min/+ mice.

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Community Exposure to Perfluorooctanoate: Relationships Between Serum Concentrations and Exposure Sources

Cited by 318 publications

References 23 publications

Maternal concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and duration of breastfeeding

Maternal concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) and duration of breastfeeding

Decline in Perfluorooctanesulfonate and Other Polyfluoroalkyl Chemicals in American Red Cross Adult Blood Donors, 2000−2006

In utero exposure to perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) did not increase body weight or intestinal tumorigenesis in multiple intestinal neoplasia (Min/+) mice

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