Community Empowerment and Utilization of Renewable Energy: Entrepreneurial Perspective for Community Resilience Based on Sustainable Management of Slum Settlements in Makassar City, Indonesia

Abstract

The acceleration of metropolitan city development toward economic growth has an impact on over-urbanization, energy scarcity, slum settlements, and environmental degradation. Slum settlements that are predominantly inhabited by the urban poor will require an increase in the productivity of economic enterprises through the empowerment process. This study aims to analyze (1) community empowerment functions as determinants of the use of renewable energy in handling slum settlement and (2) the effects of community empowerment, utilization of renewable energy, strengthening of institutional capacity, and productivity of economic enterprises on improving the quality of the slum settlement environment. The study approach used is a combination of qualitative–quantitative research. Data was obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, surveys, and documentation. The results of the study show that community empowerment, coupled with the use of renewable energy, strengthening institutional capacity, and community participation, contributes positively to increasing the productivity of economic enterprises and improving environmental quality toward sustainable management of slum settlements. The effect of economic empowerment, strengthening institutional capacity, and the use of renewable energy to improve environmental quality with a coefficient of determination of 78.5%. This study recommends socio-economic empowerment based on the use of renewable energy in the implementation of the Makasssar City toward environmental, economic sustainability and the creation of social cohesion.

Decline in Environmental Quality and Spatial Dynamics of New City Area Development Metropolitan Mamminasata, South Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…These five things will create a balance of development towards the sustainability of the ecosystem of the new city area. Thus, efforts are needed to redesign and restructure the urban environment by adopting innovative solutions towards sustainable development [83].…”

Handling slum settlement based on community participation and socio-cultural change: Perspective of sustainable development of Makassar City, Indonesia

“…The slum settlement that has developed in Makassar City is influenced by three main factors, namely (i) community poverty, (ii) the inability of the community to find decent work, and (iii) inequality of land tenure. Land ownership and land tenure play an important role in meeting the basic needs of the community, the quality of the urban environment, housing conditions, and environmental health (Dachaga & de Vries, 2021;Surya, et al, 2021a). Field facts that have been found indicate that the slum management program implemented so far has only focused on the physical aspect, namely improving the quality of infrastructure and its implementation is still partial.…”

Cooperation and Environmental Responsibility as Positive Factors for Entrepreneurial Resilience

“…For example, an entrepreneur who is entirely oriented toward profit maximization is not motivated to create a bond with the area where the enterprise operates; instead, they exploit the community's workforce, raw materials or strategic position [24], and the capital generated is sent elsewhere, leaving the community that invested in this activity impoverished. Sometimes, the environment in which these communities live become polluted, and they suffer socio-economic distress [25][26][27]. In contrast, some projects offer an alternative entrepreneurial model based not only on economics, but also on innovative strategies and social aspects of the area in which they operate [28][29][30][31], also involving some integrated models of the stakeholder theory [32].…”