Community-driven research on environmental sources of<i>H. pylori</i>infection in arctic Canada

Hastings, Emily; Yasui, Yutaka; Hanington, Patrick C.; Goodman, Karen J.

doi:10.4161/19490976.2014.969639

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…The low prevalence in our study would have been due to the recruitment of participants within a single or similar geographical characteristic. This would mean that some of the factors of transmission of H. pylori infection would be influenced by the environment [ 25 , 31 ]. The observed low prevalence in our study could also be due to the rising usage of antibiotics such as Amoxicillin and Metronidazole in Uganda in the management of many infections like gastrointestinal disorders.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda

Aitila

Mutyaba

Okeny

et al. 2019

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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Background.Helicobacter pyloriinfection affects more than half of the world’s population. The infection is generally acquired during childhood but can remain asymptomatic, with long-term clinical sequelae including gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and stomach cancer.Methods. The study was approved by Institutional Review Committee of Mbarara University of Science and Technology. After obtaining informed consent from parents/legal guardians, illegible children who presented with gastrointestinal complaints at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital were recruited; structured questionnaires were administered to the parents/guardians to collect information on sociodemographic data and risk factors ofH. pyloriinfection. Four (4) millilitres of blood was collected from each child and tested forH.pyloriblood Antibody test and stool specimens were used forH. pyloriantigen test.Results. The prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection among the study participants was 24.3%. The infection rate increased with increase in age of the participants, from 16.2% among 1to 5 years old to 27.2% among 6 to 10 years. Infections were higher among school going children (68/74, p=0.003, OR 3.9; CI: 1.5 to 10.6) and children from crowded households (59/74, p<0.001, OR 2.6, and CI 1.3 to 5.0), unsafe source of drinking water at schools (46/74, p=0.003), and lack of sanitary facility at homes (57/74, p=0.001, and OR 1.6 CI 0.7 to 3.6).Conclusion. The prevalence ofH. pyloriinfection among children aged 1 to 15 years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital was high and increases with age. School attendance, lack of sanitary facility, lack of safe drinking water, and overcrowding were the risk factors associated withH. pyloriinfection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Risk Factors ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda

Aitila

Mutyaba

Okeny

et al. 2019

Journal of Tropical Medicine

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“…However, in a comprehensive study of environmental exposure in Canadian Arctic communities, untreated drinking water was not associated with increased H. pylori prevalence. Their multilevel models showed H. pylori clustering within households, with environmental exposure accounting for little of this clustering .…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

2015

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During the period reviewed, prevalence studies were essentially performed in less economically advanced countries and a high prevalence was found. The traditional risk factors for Helicobacter pylori positivity were mostly found. Transmission studied by molecular typing showed a familial transmission. The eventual role of water transmission was explored in several studies with controversial results. Concerning diagnosis, most of the invasive and noninvasive methods used for the diagnosis of H. pylori infection are long standing with efficient performance. The most interesting recent improvements in H. pylori diagnosis include advances in endoscopy, developments in molecular methods, and the introduction of omics-based techniques. Interpretation of old or newer method should take into account the pretest probability and the prevalence of H. pylori in the population under investigation.

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“…Incorporating the perspective of those who bear the burden, results from these projects will be used to develop Hp control strategies that are cost-effective and culturally appropriate for Arctic Indigenous communities. Previous reports describe details of CAN Help projects and their community-driven approaches [10, 12–15, 17]. This paper describes the burden of disease from Hp infection among participants in CAN Help community projects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burden of disease from Helicobacter pylori infection in western Canadian Arctic communities

et al. 2019

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Background Indigenous communities across the circumpolar north have elevated H. pylori ( Hp ) prevalence and stomach cancer incidence. We aimed to describe the Hp -associated disease burden among western Canadian Arctic participants in community-driven projects that address concerns about health risks from Hp infection. Methods During 2008–2013, participants underwent Hp screening by urea breath test and gastroscopy with gastric biopsies. We estimated Hp prevalence and prevalence by Hp status of endoscopic and histopathologic diagnoses. Results Among 878 participants with Hp status data, Hp prevalence was: 62% overall; 66% in 740 Indigenous participants; 22% in 77 non-Indigenous participants (61 participants did not disclose ethnicity); 45% at 0–14 years old, 69% at 15–34 years old, and 61% at 35–96 years old. Among 309 participants examined endoscopically, visible mucosal lesions were more frequent in the stomach than the duodenum: the gastric to duodenal ratio was 2 for inflammation, 8 for erosions, and 3 for ulcers. Pathological examination in 308 participants with gastric biopsies revealed normal gastric mucosa in 1 of 224 Hp -positive participants and 77% (65/84) of Hp -negative participants with sharp contrasts in the prevalence of abnormalities between Hp -positive and Hp -negative participants, respectively: moderate-severe active gastritis in 50 and 0%; moderate-severe chronic gastritis in 91 and 1%; atrophic gastritis in 43 and 0%; intestinal metaplasia in 17 and 5%. Conclusions The observed pattern of disease is consistent with increased risk of stomach cancer and reflects substantial inequity in the Hp -associated disease burden in western Arctic Canadian hamlets relative to most North American settings. This research adds to evidence that demonstrates the need for interventions aimed at reducing health risks from Hp infection in Indigenous Arctic communities.

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Community-driven research on environmental sources ofH. pyloriinfection in arctic Canada

Cited by 20 publications

References 64 publications

Prevalence and Risk Factors ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda

Prevalence and Risk Factors ofHelicobacter pyloriInfection among Children Aged 1 to 15 Years at Holy Innocents Children’s Hospital, Mbarara, South Western Uganda

Epidemiology and Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection

Burden of disease from Helicobacter pylori infection in western Canadian Arctic communities

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