Community diagnosis for a slum population under the field practice area of a government medical college, New Delhi: community-oriented primary care exercise for undergraduate students

Abstract

Background: Rapid urbanization has led to the increase in a group of people called ‘Urban poor’ dwelling as a community in ‘Slums’, worldwide. Slums manifest deprivation that transcends income poverty. Hence, we conducted this Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise, to give medical students a greater understanding of the situation of individual patients in the slum and to formulate a community diagnosis.Methods: The current study was done at Tyagaraj Nagar Jhuggi in the South district of New Delhi, during Community-oriented primary care (COPC) exercise of undergraduate medical students in their 4th semester over a period of 20 days, using a predesigned proforma for collecting data on health events and determinants of health, from families. 35 households were chosen by systematic random sampling.Results: Out of 179 community members studied, 33 (18.43%) were afflicted with morbidity, which consists of common cold with cough, generalized body pain and joint pain. The sex ratio was found to be 826, literacy rate was 76.9% in the study area, 44.11% of the households were having sanitary latrines owned by them, 68.6% had a closed drainage system 63% of the families used clean fuel for cooking and unmet need of contraception was 85% among eligible couples.Conclusions: Investments in women’s access to various contraceptive preferences are urgently needed to help increase the contraceptive prevalence rate. Health Education and awareness campaigns on prevention of potential mosquito, fly breeding sites, hand hygiene, avoidance of firewood as fuel, establishing smoke outlet and solid waste management should be arranged.

Community diagnosis by conducting family health survey in the field practice area of a medical college

“…8 Nuclear families were 68% and joint 32% in the study where as a study done by Gandhi et al; where nuclear families were 74% and joint families were 26% similarly even a study done by Shukla et al nuclear and joint families were 79.2 and 20.8 respectively. 6,12 The majority of the families that are 36% belonged to socioeconomic class II similar findings were present in a study done by Ahmed et al where 40% of families belong to socio-economic class II (modified B.G. Prasad classification).…”

“…7 6.06% were above 60 years similar to a study done by Gandhi et al where 5% of the population was above 60 years. 6 Literacy in the population is 78.03% similar to study done by Gandhi et al where it is 76.4%, whereas overall literacy rate of India is 73%, in urban population is 84.1% and Andhra Pradesh in urban population is 80.1% as per Census 2011 in National Health profile 2018. 6,9 Among the under-five children, 90.4% were fully immunized, 9.6% were partially immunized and none were unimmunized similarly to a study done by a study by Punith et al where fully immunized children were 92.10% and partially immunized was 6.58%, and unimmunized children were 1.31%.…”

“…6 Literacy in the population is 78.03% similar to study done by Gandhi et al where it is 76.4%, whereas overall literacy rate of India is 73%, in urban population is 84.1% and Andhra Pradesh in urban population is 80.1% as per Census 2011 in National Health profile 2018. 6,9 Among the under-five children, 90.4% were fully immunized, 9.6% were partially immunized and none were unimmunized similarly to a study done by a study by Punith et al where fully immunized children were 92.10% and partially immunized was 6.58%, and unimmunized children were 1.31%. 11 9.85% of individuals were skilled workers, 24.24% were housewives and 1.52% were retired in the study similar to a study done by Ahmed et al where skilled workers are 7.3%, housewife were 22.2% and retired individuals were 1.6%.…”

“…The study done total male population is 52.27% and the total female population is 47.73% similar to a study done by Gandhi et al where the total male and female population were 54.7% and 45.3% respectively. 6 The contrary study done by Pachori et al showed the total male population and female populations were 48.7% and 51.3% respectively and a study done by Ahmed et al showed the total female population was 50.6% and the total male population was 49.4%. 7,8 Sex ratio in the study was 913, whereas the ratio was 943 in 2011 in the country, India as per National Health profile 2018 and sex ratio of Telangana state was 977 in urban population for the year 2015-2016 as per National Family Health Survey 4, State Fact Sheet Telangana.…”

“…6 100% houses had latrines similar to a study done by Gandhi et al where there are 97.10% latrines but whereas a study done by Gelaw et al shows that there were 94% latrines. 6,13 92% of families were using a public refuse bin for solid waste disposal and remaining 8% were disposing the solid waste on open streets whereas a study was done by Gandhi et al show that 45.7% families use the public refuse bin and 54.3% families throw away solid waste into a pit. 6 Source of energy for cooking was gas in 88% families followed by kerosene in 8% and coal in 4% families whereas a study done by Gandhi…”