“…Many researchers in tourism, social psychology, and consumer behavior agree that investigating the underlying factors that lead to travelers’ particular intentions/behaviors, which consider volitional (social and attitudinal) and nonvolitional constituents, provides clear insights into travelers’ decision-making process for a destination/product/service/brand [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. Accordingly, the conceptual framework from the present research is derived from the theory of planned behavior (TPB) [ 13 , 14 ]. These types of volitional and nonvolitional dimensions are the key components of the TPB [ 15 , 16 , 17 ].…”