Community-Based Poverty Alleviation Using Participatory Rural Appraisal

Abstract

People living in mountainous and rural areas are more vulnerable to living in poverty due to many factors. This is shown by the high poverty rate in the BPS data and GAKIN (Poor Family) list. Most farmers and laborers are people living in rural areas. The financial condition of the farmers and laborers is considered worse than other communities (the more poor of the poor). Poverty alleviation and community empowerment programs set by the government for the past decades are proven to be not entirely successful and not as expected, followed by many failures in implementing the programs. It was because the empowerment model was Top Down, from the government to the people with pre-determined criteria which are standard and not based on situations, conditions, and occupations of the program target communities. This study aimed to get a community empowerment model which is right on target, based on criteria approach directly explored from the program target communities. The resulting Participatory Rural Appraisal method produces village social condition or village map which shows the potentials, problems, opportunities, and strengths of the community to be the basis for problem solving, program planning, achievement and joint monitoring consistent with their potential and ability.

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“…Based on rationality and looking at geographical, sociological conditions and potential mapping, the method used in the Kamal Village, Arjasa District service program is Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA). This method can be understood as an assessment of a village, which includes aspects of community life depending on needs and the development of operational programs intended to develop the community or village (Muhsin et al, 2018). The results of studies using the participatory rural appraisal approach generally consist of 3 things, namely obtaining comprehensive information regarding the existing conditions of the village and life in the village, obtaining information regarding problems and obstacles it is aced, and obtaining information regarding the potential of villages that can be developed for the prosperity and welfare of village communities.…”

“…Through this method, the village community and the PRA team, now the facilitator, created a framework for producing a comprehensive village map (Muhsin et al, 2018). This method allows members of the village apparatus as well as Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) institutions, Kelompok Sadar Wisata (Pokdarwis), and representatives of villagers in Kamal Village to increase their knowledge and skills with the implementing team as external facilitators, share information, make plans and real action.…”

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“…Tujuan akhir PRA adalah untuk menjaring program pembangunan pedesaan yang tepat dan sesuai dengan syarat, diantaranya adalah memiliki banyak keuntungan bagi masyarakat setempat dan lingkungan sekitar, diterima oleh masyarakat setempat, menguntungkan secara ekonomi, dan berdampak positif pada lingkungan. PRA dapat membantu menganalisis dan membuat program secara sistematis (Muhsin et al, 2018).…”

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“…The community"s neighborhood contributes to their poverty as well (Schulz et al, 2012). Community empowerment will be more fruitful if it is based on the criteria identified directly from the community (Muhsin, Hapsoro, and Yuni, 2018) in the form of community participation (Loo, 2014). The community development program is carried out through community empowerment (Thomas et al, 2012) in atimely manner by examining their potential (Marcus, Wilkinson, and Marshall, 2002).…”