Community-based Heritage Management: a case study and agenda for research

The recognition and misrecognition of community heritage

“…In these situations, jointly-run projects tend to involve things that are done for communities, rather than with them. Moreover, the sorts of projects that dominate the sector best apply to the white middle classes: we presuppose particular economic means, a Western schooling, access to a specific range of skills, and the freedom not only to get involved, but to choose or change identities (Hodges and Watson 2000). In a strange sense of paradox then, despite disassociating the white middle classes from the idea of community, we still tend to assume that it is their social experiences we are dealing with.…”

Tourism development after the implementation of sustainable strategies in Neamt County

“…It is effortless to appreciate that a group organization can bring serious input in developing a strategy and its management as with communication and consensus the final goals can be reached much easier Hodges and Watson, 2000. Over the years the role of community in the development of tourism has been explored and several factors have been pointed out: the attitudes, supposed effects and benefits anticipated connection and association with the community Lee, 2013.…”

Different voices from community groups to support sustainable tourism development at Iranian World Heritage Sites: evidence from Bisotun

“…The community and tourism nexus has been researched under the community-based tourism umbrella, which aims to transform the role of community into an influential stakeholder that contributes to tourism planning and becomes instrumental in achieving sustainable tourism (Blackstock, 2005). In this context, the challenge is how to involve various community groups (e.g., farmers, handicraft sellers, businesses, and local government employees) with different perceptions/attitudes in the sustainable planning and management of their cultural heritage resources (Hodges & Watson, 2000).…”

“…In line with social identity theory, the impact of community attachment, community involvement, and perceived benefits and costs on SSTD for a heritage site may vary across different community groups due to the community members' diverse identities, cultural values, interests, knowledge, power, and preferences (Ho & McKercher, 2003;Hodges & Watson, 2000;Nunkoo & Gursoy, 2012;Olya & Gavilyan, 2017). In response to a call for further research from many scholars, who have acknowledged that there is little knowledge on the dynamic process of SSTD from the community perceptive in developing countries (e.g., Khoshkam, Marzuki, & Al-Mulali, 2016;Sinclair-Maragh & Gursoy, 2016), the present study proposes the following hypotheses:…”