Community- and hospital-acquired respiratory syncytial virus infections in Chile

Avendaño, Luis F.; Larrañaga, Carmen; Palomino, María Angélica; Gaggero, Aldo; Montaldo, Gustavo; Suárez, M; Diaz, Armando

doi:10.1097/00006454-199108000-00003

Cited by 49 publications

(40 citation statements)

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“…Epidemic outbreaks of RSV in South Brazil showed a temperature-dependent pattern and no association with rainfall, peaking in July or August, the coldest months of the year (Straliotto et al 2001). This pattern of RSV outbreaks is similar to that observed in Southern South America countries such as Chile, Uruguay and Argentina (Russi et al 1989, Avendaño et al 1991, Imaz et al 2000.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Respiratory syncytial virus infections during an epidemic period in Salvador, Brazil: viral antigenic group analysis and description of clinical and epidemiological aspects

Moura

Borges

Portes

et al. 2003

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Respiratory syncytial virus infections during an epidemic period in Salvador, Brazil: viral antigenic group analysis and description of clinical and epidemiological aspects

Moura

Borges

Portes

et al. 2003

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

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“…In Chile acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) are the primary cause of hospital admissions during infancy. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the principal cause of ALRI, causing yearly winter epidemics that frequently challenge health resources (3,4,5,9,12,15,21). The expanded use of new techniques has facilitated the local identification of etiologic agents, allowing the comparison of clinical and epidemiological features with biological agent characteristics (2,6,7,14,16,17,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Confirmatory IFA for RSV, adenovirus, influenza A and B viruses, and parainfluenza viruses 1 to 3 were performed for cultures with and without CPE. Standard IFA was done using monoclonal antibodies provided by L. Anderson, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga., and P. Pothier, Dijon, France, as previously described (3,17). From 1994 to 2000, RSV strains from NPA or positive cultures were grouped by IFA with monoclonal antibodies 133-1H and 93-11C (CDC) and 2B8 (P. Pothier) for group A typing and 102-10B (CDC) for group B typing (1).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surveillance for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants Hospitalized for Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Chile (1989 to 2000)

Avendaño¹,

Palomino

Larrañaga³

2003

J Clin Microbiol

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Hospitalized infants (4,618) were studied for lower respiratory infections from 1989 through 2000 by routine immunofluorescence assay and viral isolation. The hospitalization rate for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) averaged 2% per year. The fatality rate was 0.1%. Monthly RSV detection varied from 14 to 88%, and epidemics lasted 3.5 to 6 months. From 1994 high-early versus low-late epidemic patterns alternately were observed, the first influenced by a group B strain.Acute respiratory infections are a major worldwide health problem because of associated high morbidity and mortality rates. In Chile acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) are the primary cause of hospital admissions during infancy. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the principal cause of ALRI, causing yearly winter epidemics that frequently challenge health resources (3,4,5,9,12,15,21). The expanded use of new techniques has facilitated the local identification of etiologic agents, allowing the comparison of clinical and epidemiological features with biological agent characteristics (2,6,7,14,16,17,19). The aim of this study is to present an overview of RSV infection causing pediatric admissions for ALRI in Chile over a long enough period of time to support recommendations for better clinical and epidemiological management. We present 12 years of data from immunofluorescence assays and isolation for routine viral diagnosis in the pediatric context.A total of 4,618 out of 21,912 children under 2 years of age admitted for ALRI to the Roberto del Rio Children's Hospital, Santiago, Chile, were studied prospectively for RSV from January 1989 to December 2000. Exclusion criteria were prematurity; recurrent wheezing or asthma; and underlying chronic pulmonary, cardiac, or neurological diseases. During the cold season (April to September) two ALRI admissions were randomly selected per day in order to collect 40 to 60 cases per month. During the warm season (October to March) almost all patients were enrolled. For each patient, clinical features, personal and family history of asthma, and the admission diagnosis were obtained from hospital records.Nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPA) were routinely obtained within the first 48 h after admission and were immediately transported to the laboratory for viral isolation and indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA). Weekday specimens were processed on the same day, but those obtained on weekends were kept at 4°C until processing. Samples were inoculated into HEp-2 and MDCK cells and observed for cytopathic effect (CPE) for 1 week. Confirmatory IFA for RSV, adenovirus, influenza A and B viruses, and parainfluenza viruses 1 to 3 were performed for cultures with and without CPE. Standard IFA was done using monoclonal antibodies provided by L. Anderson, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, Ga., and P. Pothier, Dijon, France, as previously described (3, 17). From 1994 to 2000, RSV strains from NPA or positive cultures were grouped by IFA with monoclonal antibodies 133-1H and 93-11C (CDC) and 2B8 ...

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“…La mayoria de las infecciones por VRS son de caracter leve, pero algunas comprometen el tracto respiratorio inferior, produciendo bronconeumom'as o bronquiolitis que requicrcn hospitalizacion; ademas, el VRS causa frecuentemente infecciones nosocomiales 7 . Lapresentaci6n de la infecci6n por VRS en forma epidemica todos los inviernos, unida a una semiologi'a ch'nica caracterfstica, podria permitir al pediatra sospechar esta etiologia sin necesidad de recurrir a examenes virologicos, todavia poco accesibles.…”

Section: (Abstract: Respiratory Syncytial Viruses Virus Diseases Runclassified

“…En los pacientes que adquirieron la infecci6n en el hospital, la mitad no present^ cambios de los sintomas y la mayoria solo mostro simomas respiratorios altos, no obstante que ellos ya sufrfan una enfermedad suficientcmente severa como para motivar una hospitalizacion 7 . El periodo dc hospitalizacion similar en los casos nosocomiales y los VRS negatives y la aparicion de la mayoria de las infecciones hospitalarias en la primera semana, implica que la prolongation de la hospitalizacion no fue un factor favorccedor de infecci6n nosocomial.…”

Section: Comentariounclassified

Infección extra e intrahospitalaria por virus sincicial respiratorio en lactantes

L²,

L³

et al. 1994

Rev. chil. pediatr.

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Respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and childrenClinical aspects of respiralory syncytial virus (RSV) infection were studied in 131 infants under age two years who were admited to hospital fof acute lower respiratory tract infection (ALRI) during the cold seasons of year 1988 at Sanliago, Chile. Two daily samples of nasopharyngeal aspirates for RSV inmunofluorescent assay and viral isolation in Hep-2 cell culture, blood cells count and chest X ray were performed at admission. Fifty three of these patients showed positive immunofluorescense for RSV at admission. Nasopharyngeal samples were also ptospectively taken to 251 infants admited (o two hospital rooms at the cold seasons of years 1988 throughout 1989, at admission for viral isolation and immunofluorescent assay and in alternate days for this late assay, along their hospital stays. Nasopharyngeal samples obtained after admission allowed detection of 42 cases of RSV nosocomial infections. No differences were found in clinical, hematologicat and radiological features among patients with and without RSV infections. Nosocomial RSV infection rate was ] 6,7% and 76% of coses occurred in the first week after admission. That rate was not related to intensity of RSV contacts neither lenght of hospital stay. Since there are no known specific differential features between viral and bacterial respiratory infection, rapid methods for viral identification ore highly recommended for better management of acute lower respiratory trocl infections.(Key words: respiratory syncytial viruses, virus diseases, respiratory tract infections, infant.)Las infecciones respiratorias agudas bajas (IRAB) son la causa mas frecuente de hospitalizaci6n en lactantes, especialmente en la estaciones frias, y de muerte de niflos entre un mes y cuatro aflos de edad 1 ' 3 . En Chile los virus respiratorios son la primera causa de IRAB en lactantes y, entre ellos, el virus respiratorio sincicial (VRS) ocupa un rol preponderant, detectandose con frecuencias de 42% a 70%, dependiendo de la forma de estudio 4 " 9 . Estos hallazgos son semejantes a los comunicados en otros pafses 10 -n .La posibilidad de realizar un diagnostico etio16gico rapido ha aumentado al disponer de te*cnicas de inmunofluorescencia 5 -7 ' 9> 12 ' 13 . La detenci6n de VRS en nifios sanos es poco frecuente, por lo que su hallazgo podria implicar un rol patogenico 5 -14 . La mayoria de las infecciones por VRS son de caracter leve, pero algunas comprometen el tracto respiratorio inferior, produciendo bronconeumom'as o bronquiolitis que requicrcn hospitalizacion; ademas, el VRS causa frecuentemente infecciones nosocomiales 7 . Lapresentaci6n de la infecci6n por VRS en forma epidemica todos los inviernos, unida a una semiologi'a ch'nica caracterfstica, podria permitir al pediatra sospechar esta etiologia sin necesidad de recurrir a examenes virologicos, todavia poco accesibles.Este trabajo se hizo con el proposito de describir los aspectos clinicos, radiologicos y de laboratorio general de los lactantes hospitalizados por...

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Community- and hospital-acquired respiratory syncytial virus infections in Chile

Cited by 49 publications

References 0 publications

Respiratory syncytial virus infections during an epidemic period in Salvador, Brazil: viral antigenic group analysis and description of clinical and epidemiological aspects

Respiratory syncytial virus infections during an epidemic period in Salvador, Brazil: viral antigenic group analysis and description of clinical and epidemiological aspects

Surveillance for Respiratory Syncytial Virus in Infants Hospitalized for Acute Lower Respiratory Infection in Chile (1989 to 2000)

Infección extra e intrahospitalaria por virus sincicial respiratorio en lactantes

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