Community-acquired urinary tract infections in children

Hameed, Tahir; Nafeesah, Abdullah Al; Chishti, Syed; Shaalan, Mohamed; Fakeeh, Khaled Al

doi:10.1016/j.ijpam.2019.02.010

Cited by 32 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…E. coli was the most common prevalent pathogen isolated from UTI patients in the current study, E. coli have been implicated in 56 samples (45.90%), this finding accords many studies [23,24], also agree with [25] that mentioned E. coli prevalence was (42.2%) in patients with UTI. Followed by Enterobacter species 23% of total urine samples and these findings were in agreement with other respective studies conducted elsewhere [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Among Major Bacterial Pathogens in Southern Babil, Iraq

AL-Khikani¹

2020

Galician med. j.

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Background: At present, drug-resistant pathogens are considered one of the major increasing causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. The data on microorganisms' resistance assist define the best available treatment for patients. Therefore, this study aimed to screen the antimicrobial-resistant profile of different drugs in major clinical pathogens of urine, ear and wound infections. Methods: This study was conducted in Al-Shomali General Hospital, Southern Babil, Iraq from October 2019 to May 2020. Totally 67 clinical specimens obtained from the wound, urine, and ear discharge collected from hospitalized patients as well as 30 healthy individuals participate in this study. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried outperformed to the isolated and identified bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. Results: Totally, 67 bacterial isolates were obtained from 44 (66%) female and 23 (34%) male patients. Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 87% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 22% and 12% to Gentamicin and amikacin, respectively. Conclusion: These results suggest a constant screening for the detection of antibiotic resistance, as well as developing antimicrobial stewardship programs in Babil, Iraq. Moreover, these bacterial isolates have shown multidrug resistance, mainly to commonly administered drugs that could cause therapy ineffective. Therefore, in clinical use, appropriate treatment should be chosen based on the results obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Among Major Bacterial Pathogens in Southern Babil, Iraq

AL-Khikani¹

2020

Galician med. j.

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“…Isolates expressing various ESBLs were confirmed by double-disk potentiation method, thirteen studies from Saudi Arabia reported the phenotypic prevalence of ESBLs in E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens. These studies showed that during the initial study period of year 2000, ESBL prevalence was relatively low (4.8%), but increased dramatically to 72% by 2020 in these countries based on the data obtained from 93,961 clinical samples [ 13 , 14 , 19 , 20 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ]. The PCR analysis of various β-lactamases traits shown in Table 2 indicates that the prevalence of bla SHV , bla TEM and bla CTX-M among the E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens increased from between 2.6–8.5 to 84.1–97.3%, the bla OXA, enzyme during this period increased from 26.2% to 85.7%, and increasing resistance for bla PER bla GES β-lactamases was also demonstrated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective Analysis on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends and Prevalence of β-lactamases in Escherichia coli and ESKAPE Pathogens Isolated from Arabian Patients during 2000–2020

Nasser

Palwe²,

Bhargava

et al. 2020

Microorganisms

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The production of diverse and extended spectrum β-lactamases among Escherichia coli and ESKAPE pathogens is a growing threat to clinicians and public health. We aim to provide a comprehensive analysis of evolving trends of antimicrobial resistance and β-lactamases among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acine to bacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterobacter species) in the Arabian region. A systematic review was conducted in Medline PubMed on papers published between January 2000 and February 2020 on countries in the Arab region showing different antibiotic resistance among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens. A total of n = 119,144 clinical isolates were evaluated for antimicrobial resistance in 19 Arab countries. Among these clinical isolates, 74,039 belonged to E. coli and ESKAPE pathogen. Distribution of antibiotic resistance among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens indicated that E. coli (n = 32,038) was the predominant pathogen followed by K. pneumoniae (n = 17,128), P. aeruginosa (n = 11,074), methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, n = 4370), A. baumannii (n = 3485) and Enterobacter spp. (n = 1574). There were no reports demonstrating Enterococcus faecium producing β-lactamase. Analyses revealed 19 out of 22 countries reported occurrence of ESBL (Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase) producing E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens. The present study showed significantly increased resistance rates to various antimicrobial agents over the last 20 years; for instance, cephalosporin resistance increased from 37 to 89.5%, fluoroquinolones from 46.8 to 70.3%, aminoglycosides from 40.2 to 64.4%, mono-bactams from 30.6 to 73.6% and carbapenems from 30.5 to 64.4%. An average of 36.9% of the total isolates were reported to have ESBL phenotype during 2000 to 2020. Molecular analyses showed that among ESBLs and Class A and Class D β-lactamases, blaCTX-M and blaOXA have higher prevalence rates of 57% and 52.7%, respectively. Among Class B β-lactamases, few incidences of blaVIM 27.7% and blaNDM 26.3% were encountered in the Arab region. Conclusion: This review highlights a significant increase in resistance to various classes of antibiotics, including cephalosporins, β-lactam and β-lactamase inhibitor combinations, carbapenems, aminoglycosides and quinolones among E. coli and ESKAPE pathogens in the Arab region.

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“…Followed by Enterobacter species 23% of total urine samples and these findings were in agreement with other respective studies conducted elsewhere. [30][31] The age group 21-40 years was the most common infected group 47%. [29] followed by the age group less than 20 years 29%.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

AL-Khikani¹

2020

Preprint

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Around the world, there is no population clear from urinary tract infection (UTI), particularly among women. UTI is considered the most predominant bacterial infection. This study aimed to detect the incidence of the most common major uropathogens in patients severe from urinary tract infection with antibiotic sensitivity tests that assist urologist doctors for appropriate antimicrobial empirical therapy.Methods: This study was carried in a private laboratory in Babil city, Iraq from May 2019 to May 2020. Totally 70 individuals suffering from clear symptoms of UTI, as well as, 20 healthy persons participated in this study as a control group. Then, the standard microbiological methods carried out to isolate and identify bacterial species. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed using different antimicrobial discs by applying the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method.Results: Totally, 90 specimens were obtained from them 20 control group, 19 with no growth, and 51 patients with bacterial growth distributed as 43 (83%) females and 8 (17%) males. E. coli were the most common predominant organisms. All isolates were showed a high rate of resistance to evaluated cephalosporins 100% and 82% to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone respectively, while very low resistance recorded in Aminoglycosides 20% and 13% to Gentamicin and amikacin respectively. Most age group infected with UTI was 21-40 years old.Conclusion: The current study showed an increasing burden of urinary tract infection caused by various bacteria implicated in UTI that causes changeable sensitivity to various antimicrobial agents. Therefore, in clinical use appropriate medications should be selected based on the data obtained from antimicrobial susceptibility tests.

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Community-acquired urinary tract infections in children

Cited by 32 publications

References 15 publications

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Among Major Bacterial Pathogens in Southern Babil, Iraq

Antimicrobial Resistance Profile Among Major Bacterial Pathogens in Southern Babil, Iraq

Retrospective Analysis on Antimicrobial Resistance Trends and Prevalence of β-lactamases in Escherichia coli and ESKAPE Pathogens Isolated from Arabian Patients during 2000–2020

Trends in Antibiotic Resistance of Major Uropathogens

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