“…Age, gender and season can affect the occurrence of LRTIs (Salman et al, 2015). Pneumonia in adults occurs in 4% of Indians with male to female ratio of 1.56:1.14 (WHO, South East Asia region, 2012) and an annual incidence rate of (1.12-3.16 per 1000 people), which is increased as age advances (Sowmya et al, 2016). For diagnosis of LRTIs, expectorated sputum is the important sample received in the laboratory.…”