Communication styles of alcoholic and nonalcoholic families when drinking and not drinking.

Jacob, Theodore; Ritchey, Donald; Cvitkovic, J F; Blane, Howard T.

doi:10.15288/jsa.1981.42.466

Cited by 81 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…In a related analysis, Frankenstein et al (1986) reported that the nonalcoholic spouse was viewed as dominant during the no-alcohol session, but that the alcoholic was viewed as dominant during the alcohol session. Jacob et al (1981) compared eight alcoholics and eight nonalco-holic couples and observed that alcoholic couples were more negative (e.g., criticized, blamed) when drinking than when not drinking. Subsequently, Jacob and Krahn (1988) replicated the finding of increased negativity after drinking among alcoholics and the lack of an alcohol effect for couples in which the husband was either a social drinker or depressed but not alcoholic.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Family Interactions of Alcoholics as Related to Alcoholism Type and Drinking Condition

Jacob¹,

Leonard²,

Haber³

2001

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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The nature of family interactions was related to both alcoholism type and alcohol consumption, and the marital interactions of alcoholism types could be differentiated on the basis of the frequency and sequential structure of negative exchanges. It is most important to note that it is the interactions of the HAS alcoholic that undergo the most change as a function of drinking condition, with little support for the "adaptive consequences" hypothesis that alcohol consumption leads to more effective problem-solving for couples in which the alcoholic exhibits fewer antisocial and more internalizing characteristics. Study limitations and directions for future research are discussed.

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confidence: 99%

Family Interactions of Alcoholics as Related to Alcoholism Type and Drinking Condition

Jacob¹,

Leonard²,

Haber³

2001

Alcoholism Clin & Exp Res

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“…Steinglass and his colleagues (29, 30, 31, 33) first observed differences in the behavior of families under these conditions and subsequently differentiated interactional styles of alcoholic families on the basis of the drinking status of the identified alcoholic. Their initial observations with conjointly hospitalized couples have been replicated with alcoholic couples in the community (2, 5, 8) as well as with whole families of alcohol and other substance abusers (36). While evidence for generalization of specific interactional patterns across these studies has not been found, wet/dry differences in interactional patterns continue to be documented.…”

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confidence: 99%

Family Functioning of Male Alcoholics and Their Female Partners during Periods of Drinking and Abstinence

et al. 1989

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Family functioning of 20 alcoholic male veterans and their female partners was assessed in relation to drinking (wet) and abstinent (dry) intervals. Repeated measures analyses performed on the McMaster Family Assessment Device (FAD) indicated that on all 7 scales of the FAD, alcoholics and their mates perceived family functioning to be better during dry than wet periods. In contrast to their alcoholic mates, female partners gave healthier ratings to all FAD scales except Roles in the dry condition and Affective Involvement in the wet condition. According to published cutoff scores for healthy and unhealthy family functioning, alcoholics as a group viewed their wet and dry family functioning as unhealthy, although the female group regarded the family's dry Problem Solving and Behavioral Control as healthy. These findings suggest that the family functioning of alcohol-involved couples is biphasic, oscillating between drinking and abstinent periods.

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“…Consistent with the VSA model, some evidence showed that the marital interactions of alcoholic couples consist of higher levels of negative and lower levels of positive affect and behavior (Billings et al, 1979;Haber and Jacob, 1997;Jacob and Krahn, 1988;Jacob et al, 1981). In addition, alcoholic couples reported lower levels of marital satisfaction than nonalcoholic couples (Kelly et al, 2002;Marshal, 2003), and alcohol involvement is a consistent correlate of intimate partner violence (Foran and O'Leary, 2008;Leonard, 1993Leonard, , 2005Leonard and Eiden, 2007;Smith et al, 2012a).…”

Section: Vulnerability-stress-adaptation Model Of Marriagementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Although the evidence for distinct marital interaction patterns between alcoholic and nonalcoholic couples is mixed (McCrady and Epstein, 1995), some evidence has shown that alcoholic couples display more negative and fewer positive behaviors during marital interaction tasks (e.g., Floyd et al, 2006;Jacob et al, 1981). AUD and alcohol involvement are associated with lower levels of marital satisfaction (Cranford et al, 2011;Marshal, 2003) and higher levels of intimate partner violence (Leonard, 2005;Leonard and Eiden, 2007;Murphy and O'Farrell, 1996), which is highly correlated with divorce (e.g., Sanchez and Gager, 2000).…”

Section: Support For the Vsa Model Of Marriagementioning

confidence: 99%

DSM-IV Alcohol Dependence and Marital Dissolution: Evidence From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

Cranford

2014

J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs

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ABSTRACT. Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and longitudinal associations among alcohol use disorder (AUD), stressful life events, and marital dissolution in a probability sample of adults. Method: The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions is a prospective, longitudinal study of a probability sample of 43,083 adults 18 years of age and older living in the United States. The interval between Wave 1 (W1) and Wave 2 (W2) was approximately 3 years. Cross-sectional analyses included 32,359 adults ages 18 and older who were ever married at W1, and longitudinal analyses included 17,192 adults who were currently married at W1 and who completed relevant W2 measures. Participants completed inhome surveys conducted with computer-assisted personal interviewing. Results: Rates of lifetime marital dissolution were signifi cantly higher among those with lifetime AUD (48.3%) than in those with no lifetime AUD (30.1%). The incidence of marital dissolution from W1 to W2 was 15.5% for those with a past-12-month AUD at W1, compared to 4.8% among those with no AUD. Proportional hazards regression analyses showed that past-12-month AUD, tobacco use disorder, other substance use disorder, stressful life events, older age at marriage, being married more than once, and being married to an alcoholic at W1 predicted greater hazards of marital dissolution at W2. These associations were not moderated by gender. Conclusions: AUD and stressful life events predict subsequent marital dissolution independently of other substance use disorders, mood and anxiety disorders, and personality disorders. Results were discussed within the framework of the Vulnerability-Stress-Adaptation model of marriage. (J. Stud. Alcohol Drugs, 75, 520-529, 2014) Leonard and Rothbard (1999) noted that "perhaps because of the commonsense appeal that drinking causes marital problems and divorce, few studies have systematically addressed this issue" (p. 143). Although several studies have established linkages between AUD and indicators of marital quality (e.g., Cranford et al., 2011;Whisman, 2007;Whisman et al., 2006), few longitudinal studies have tested the hypothesis that AUD leads to marital dissolution (Chilcoat and Breslau, 1996;Smith et al., 2012b). High rates of comorbidity between AUD and other psychiatric disorders make it diffi cult to determine the relative importance of AUD as a predictor of marital dissolution. In addition, research examining gender differences in the association between AUD and marital outcomes has yielded confl icting evidence. The present study addressed these limitations by (a) testing the hypothesis that AUD predicts marital dissolution using longitudinal data from a national probability sample, (b) simultaneously assessing the effects of other psychiatric disorders, and (c) examining gender as a possible moderator of these associations.Research documenting the association between alcohol involvement and marital status has a long history, going back more than 100 yea...

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Communication styles of alcoholic and nonalcoholic families when drinking and not drinking.

Cited by 81 publications

References 20 publications

Family Interactions of Alcoholics as Related to Alcoholism Type and Drinking Condition

Family Interactions of Alcoholics as Related to Alcoholism Type and Drinking Condition

Family Functioning of Male Alcoholics and Their Female Partners during Periods of Drinking and Abstinence

DSM-IV Alcohol Dependence and Marital Dissolution: Evidence From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions

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