Communication practice in village data collection

Abstract

This study analyses two communication practices for rural data collection in Indonesia: top-down, carried out by the state, and bottom-up, initiated by collective intellectuals. This research is to reveal how to communicate rural data collection actions. The differences in data manifest the practice of communicating rural data collection actions; and Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence that is ‘hidden’ in the procedures and mechanisms of data collection run by the state. The study area is Tegallalang Village, Gianyar Regency, Bali. Quantitative data in Prodeskel from the Ministry of Home Affairs and Precision Village Data (DDP) with a Drone Participatory Mapping approach were obtained independently by researchers. The research used Mixed Methods Research. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews using the Nvivo R1 application analysis. Knife analysis using Pierre Bourdieu and Nick Couldry. The study results found two differences in the practice of rural data collection, namely; first, the difference in data collection actors. The state represents Prodeskel, and collective intellectuals represent DDP; second, the difference in data is due to differences in the practice of communication actions (procedures and mechanisms) of data collection. Prodeskel data with a top-down approach produces low-accuracy data and vice versa for DDP. This research also reveals the opus operatum of communication actions in the form of Doxa, habitus, and symbolic violence in data collection of the country’s countryside and digital technology to build a space for communication and citizen participation which is the key to the birth of DDP.

Data Desa Presisi: A new method of rural data collection

“…So far, village data in Indonesia has been obtained from the Village Potential (Podes) sourced from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) [6] and Village and Urban Village Profiles (Prodeskel) sourced from the Ministry of Home Affairs [7] . The two methods of collecting village data were obtained from village officials (village head/village secretary/head of data affairs) using a paper-based questionnaire instrument [8] . By using this method, the village data presented is only in the form of aggregate data, not data in family units and individuals in the Rukun Warga (RW).…”

“…Various development measurements are produced by the government, such as: Gini Ratio Index/GRI, Human Development Index (HDI), Village Development Index (VDI), Developing Village Index (DVI), and Youth Development Index (YDI) [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] . The inaccuracy of measuring development achievements is due to the collection of basic data that is not participatory and is collected only based on the recognition of village government officials [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] . The inaccuracy of the Indonesian Government's basic data is shown from the Village Potential Data (Podes) in 2018 about 10.4% of unfilled questions from 849 questions and Profil Desa dan Kelurahan (Prodeskel) data in 2020 around 62-65% of unfilled questions from 939 questions [15] .…”

“…By using DDP, the contribution of GRI at the village level can be known, for example the GRI in Sibandang Village, North Tapanuli Regency is 0.39 [18] . These measurements aim to see the achievement of development programs that prosper the community and educate the nation's life [2] , [3] , [4] , [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] – 22] . However, the measurement of development will never reach its goal, if the data used as a reference for calculations is not accurate.…”

“…Therefore, accurate data is very important and determines the future of rural areas, as well as the realization of development goals. Thus, data accuracy plays an important role in decision making, policies and development programs [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] , [19] .…”

“…86/2007) concerning the Central Statistics Agency, as well as Village and Urban Village Profiles (Prodeskel) are sourced from the Ministry of Home Affairs which refers to the Minister of Home Affairs Regulation Number 12 of 2007 (Permendagri No. 12/2007) concerning Management of Village and Urban Village Profile Data Collection [6] , [7] , [8] . Furthermore, these two data sources use a census approach with village government officials (village head/village secretary/head of village data affairs) as respondents.…”