Communicating With and Supporting Youth Diagnosed With COVID-19: A Trauma-Informed Care Approach

Mirman, Jessica Hafetz; Marsac, Meghan L.; Kelly, R W

doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.10.006

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The scale has 22 items, answered through a 5-points Likert scale, ranging from 0 ("not at all") to 4 ("extremely"). The total IES-R score was divided into minimal (scores 0-23), mild (24)(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32), moderate (33)(34)(35)(36), and severe traumatic impact (≥37). This scale presents good internal consistency (original version α = 0.84 to 0.90; Portuguese version α = 0.96).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total scores were multiplied by 2 to obtain DASS-42 scores. Depression scores were categorized as normal (0-9), mild (10)(11)(12), moderate (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20), severe (21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27), or extremely severe (28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). Anxiety scores were categorized as normal (0-6), mild (7)(8)(9), moderate (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), or extremely severe .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Anxiety scores were categorized as normal (0-6), mild (7)(8)(9), moderate (10)(11)(12)(13)(14), severe (15)(16)(17)(18)(19), or extremely severe . Stress scores were categorized as normal (0-10), mild (11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18), moderate (19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26), severe (27)(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33)(34), or extremely severe (35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). The DASS-21 has a wellestablished reliability, with Cronbach alpha values ranging from 0.83 to 0.94 for depression, 0.66 to 0.87 for anxiety, and 0.79 to 0.91 for stress [40].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adolescents are particularly vulnerable to stressful events as they have less experience and knowledge about how to cope with these occurrences [23]. This may increase the traumatic potential of the COVID-19 pandemic [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Initial Psychological Reactions to COVID-19 of Middle Adolescents in Portugal

Brites

Paulino

Brissos³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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In its early stage, the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent public health measures brought several challenges to people in general, with adolescents being one of the most affected groups. To assess the psychological reactions of Portuguese adolescents in that early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, we conducted an online survey that was filled by a sample of 340 (67.6% female and 32.4% male) middle adolescents (aged 16 and 17 years). Using the Impact Event Scale-Revised and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale, we found that most participants reported a normal score for depression, anxiety, and stress. However, 47.1% reported some level of pandemic-related traumatic distress, and 25.6% reported high severity values. The girls’ levels of depression, anxiety, stress, and traumatic distress were significantly higher than those of the boys. Regression models showed that gender, number of symptoms experienced in the past days, self-reported health status, and concern with family were significant predictors of these mental health indicators. Our findings underscore the need for future research on the long-term traumatic psychological impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents, and on the gender differences in this group. This will allow the development of strategies to identify and address at-risk adolescents, since the promotion of mental health and the prevention of pathology are imperative for the health of current and future generations.

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