Communicating Issues in Automated Driving to Surrounding Traffic - How should an Automated Vehicle Communicate a Minimum Risk Maneuver via eHMI and/or dHMI?

Schindler, Julian; Herbig, Domenic Lysander; Lau, Merle; Oehl, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-60703-6_79

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This study showed that the development of trust in HAVs can be affected positively by novel eHMI concepts in a very first contact scenario. It also indicates that specific eHMI communication strategies could be very supportive in developing trust in HAVs of other surrounding road users in different MRM interaction scenarios (Schindler et al, 2020a;Hesse et al, 2021;Lau et al, 2021a;Wilbrink et al, 2021;Kaleefathullah et al, 2022). In a nutshell, HAV communication to following drivers should be tailored for specific scenarios.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Results showed that the eHMI was perceived as supportive and was well understood by the interacting manual drivers after only a few trials and a coherent combination of eHMI and dHMI was rated with a high usability. However, so far, only little research has focused on the design of eHMIs for the interaction of an HAV with its following road users (Powelleit et al, 2018;Schindler et al, 2020a). Overall, the well-coordinated interplay of both external communication signals seems important to enhance the interaction in mixed traffic environments and to foster safety, understanding, acceptance, and trust in HAVs (Bengler et al, 2020;Kaleefathullah et al, 2022;Lau et al, 2022).…”

Section: Visual External Communication Of Havs With Other Tra C Parti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This means that they should be able to tell the difference between a planned and unplanned HAV stop, because appropriate reactive maneuvers and consequences of wrong behavior differ (e.g., a planned curbside stop could imply that people may cross the street soon). Utilizing synchronized eHMI and dHMI communication channels and strategies present a plausible way to communicate HAV intention and behavior to following drivers (Schindler et al, 2020a). However, this aspect has not been sufficiently studied yet.…”

Section: Minimal Risk Maneuvermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Promoting trust in HAVs of following manual drivers through implicit and explicit communication during minimal risk maneuvers

Hess

Lau

Wilbrink

et al. 2023

Front. Comput. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The successful integration of highly automated vehicles (HAV) in future mixed traffic environments will depend, among other things, on their seamless, safe, and accepted interaction with other road users. Therefore, appropriate combination of light signals, as external human-machine interface (eHMI), and driving behavior, as dynamic human-machine interface (dHMI), is required consistently in order to develop trust of following manual drivers in HAVs. Especially, in borderline traffic scenarios where HAVs are confronted with challenges, such as loss of connectivity, so-called minimal risk maneuvers (MRMs) are performed abruptly. Here, understanding communication via eHMI and dHMI is crucial for road safety, as drivers need to prepare for maneuvers themselves. Therefore, two consecutive, explorative online video studies were conducted. Firstly, the appropriate braking dynamics for an MRM were evaluated. Secondly, insights into the eHMI communication strategy of an HAV during an MRM were gained. The overall aim of this work is to present strategies for implicit and explicit communication channels of an HAV in order to promote learned trust during MRMs from the perspective of drivers who follow them. The results show that adding novel eHMI designs (e.g., warning sign, 360° LED light-band) to conventional light signals positively affects the user experience in a first contact interaction. The findings could have a positive impact on the development of trust in HAVs. In conclusion, specific eHMI communication strategies can be highly supportive for following manual drivers in MRM scenarios, which may lead to legislative considerations in the future.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Visual External Communication Of Havs With Other Tra C Parti...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Minimal Risk Maneuvermentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Promoting trust in HAVs of following manual drivers through implicit and explicit communication during minimal risk maneuvers

Hess

Lau

Wilbrink

et al. 2023

Front. Comput. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Previous research could show that eHMIs as means of communication in AVs generally supported the interaction with surrounding traffic participants (for an overview see Rouchitsas and Alm, 2019 ), especially in shared space settings comprising a high number of ambiguous encounters between diverse traffic participants ( Merat et al, 2018 ). In detail, participants indicated higher trust ratings ( Faas et al, 2020 ), higher acceptance ratings ( Schindler et al, 2020 ), and higher feeling of safety ( Böckle et al, 2017 ; de Clercq et al, 2019 ) during encounters including eHMI signals compared to baseline conditions that exclusively comprised implicit communication signals, such as the vehicles’ movement (i.e., dynamic HMI; Bengler et al, 2020 ). Since trust and acceptance display essential factors for a system’s usage and the users’ reliance ( Lee and See, 2004 ; Ghazizadeh et al, 2012 ), these concepts need to be further considered for eHMIs as means of communication in AVs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Effect of eHMI Malfunctions on Younger and Elderly Pedestrians’ Trust and Acceptance of Automated Vehicle Communication Signals

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To ensure traffic flow and road safety in automated driving, external human–machine interfaces (eHMIs) could prospectively support the interaction between automated vehicles (AVs; SAE Level 3 or higher) and pedestrians if implicit communication is insufficient. Particularly elderly pedestrians (≥65 years) who are notably vulnerable in terms of traffic safety might benefit of the advantages of additional signals provided by eHMIs. Previous research showed that eHMIs were assessed as useful means of communication in AVs and were preferred over exclusively implicit communication signals. However, the attitudes of elderly users regarding technology usage and acceptance are ambiguous (i.e., less intention to use technology vs. a tendency toward overreliance on technology compared to younger users). Considering potential eHMI malfunctions, an appropriate level of trust in eHMIs is required to ensure traffic safety. So far, little research respected the impact of multiple eHMI malfunctions on participants’ assessment of the system. Moreover, age effects were rarely investigated in eHMIs. In the current monitor-based study, N = 36 participants (19 younger, 17 elderly) repeatedly assessed an eHMI: During an initial measurement, when encountering a valid system and after experiencing eHMI malfunctions. Participants indicated their trust and acceptance in the eHMI, feeling of safety during the interaction and vigilance toward the eHMI. The results showed a positive effect of interacting with a valid system that acted consistently to the vehicle’s movements compared to an initial assessment of the system. After experiencing eHMI malfunctions, participants’ assessment of the system declined significantly. Moreover, elderly participants assessed the eHMI more positive across all conditions than younger participants did. The findings imply that participants considered the vehicle’s movements as implicit communication cues in addition to the provided eHMI signals during the encounters. To support traffic safety and smooth interactions, eHMI signals are required to be in line with vehicle’s movements as implicit communication cues. Moreover, the results underline the importance of calibrating an appropriate level of trust in eHMI signals. An adequate understanding of eHMI signals needs to be developed. Thereby, the requirements of different user groups should be specifically considered.

show abstract

Menschzentrierte Bewertungsverfahren von assistierten Fahrfunktionen

Schießl

2024

Handbuch Assistiertes Und Automatisiertes Fahren

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Communicating Issues in Automated Driving to Surrounding Traffic - How should an Automated Vehicle Communicate a Minimum Risk Maneuver via eHMI and/or dHMI?

Cited by 4 publications

References 9 publications

Promoting trust in HAVs of following manual drivers through implicit and explicit communication during minimal risk maneuvers

Promoting trust in HAVs of following manual drivers through implicit and explicit communication during minimal risk maneuvers

The Effect of eHMI Malfunctions on Younger and Elderly Pedestrians’ Trust and Acceptance of Automated Vehicle Communication Signals

Menschzentrierte Bewertungsverfahren von assistierten Fahrfunktionen

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About