Communal sharing within and beyond digital platforms: Prefiguring interdependent sharing cities

Digital Justice in the Smart City Developing a Framework for Participatory Digitalisation Strategies at the Local Level

“…This is in line with scholars who differentiate between different narratives of smart cities that open up varying opportunities for public participation [39]. De Waal and Dignum [40], for instance, describe smart cities in three different ways: To them, smart cities are firstly a space of digital infrastructures and services ("control room"), a space for developing regional and local innovation systems ("creative city"), or a space of political and civic community ("smart citizens discourse") (see also [41,39,[42][43][44][45]. In a Canadian case study, [29] point out that these roles should at least be supplemented by the roles of "consumerism" and "protest".…”