“…In order to determine the impact of collective titling on deforestation in various South American countries, some papers have tried to deal with the selection bias by using fixed effects on the community and year level (Blackman et al, 2017), while others have tried to make the treatment and control groups comparable using PSM (Blackman & Veit, 2018;Buntaine et al, 2015) and some others have used instrumental variables (Liscow, 2013). For the Colombian case, the temporal variation of collective titling has been exploited to use differences in difference (Vélez et al, 2019) and exogenous cutoffs have been used for spatial regression discontinuity designs (Bonilla & Higuera, 2019;Romero & Saavedra, 2019).…”