Common Pathways to NSSI and Suicide Ideation: The Roles of Rumination and Self-Compassion

Abstract

We investigated whether rumination and self-compassion moderate and/or mediate the relationships between negative affect and both non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicide ideation. Undergraduate university students (n = 415) completed well-validated measures of negative affect, rumination, self-compassion, NSSI, and suicide ideation. Neither rumination nor self-compassion moderated associations between negative affect and NSSI and suicide ideation. However, both rumination and self-compassion mediated associations between negative affect and lifetime history of NSSI and suicide ideation. Self-compassion additionally mediated the association between negative affect and both 12-month NSSI and suicide ideation. The salience of self-compassion, particularly in predicting recent NSSI and suicide ideation, offers promise for early intervention initiatives focusing on less judgmental or self-critical means of self-relation.

Rumination mediates the relationships of fear and guilt to posttraumatic stress disorder and posttraumatic growth among adolescents after the Ya’an earthquake

“…The appearance of IR implies that an individual is cognitively focused on the negative aspects of traumatic events, which increases their negative evaluation of those events (Ehlers & Clark, 2008) and maintains and enhances their existing negative cognition (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1991). This induces anxiety, tension, and helplessness, which eventually leads to PTSD and the reduction of PTG (Egan, Hattaway, & Kane, 2014;Hasking, Boyes, Finlay-Jones, McEvoy, & Rees, 2019). However, compared with IR, DR has evidenced different effects on PTSD and PTG (Zhou & Wu, 2016;.…”

Towards an Explanatory Model of Suicidal Ideation: The Effects of Cognitive Emotional Regulation Strategies, Affectivity and Hopelessness

“…To date, only one study has tried to prove these assumptions through structural equation model, which have the advantage of allowing to verify the relative weight, as well as the direct and indirect effects, of the respective variables. However, this previous research has only contemplated the role of negative affect in the relationship between rumination and suicidal ideation (Hasking, Boyes, Finlay-Jones, McEvoy, & Ree, 2018). The involvement of other key variables in the prediction of suicidal ideations, such as the adaptive cognitive strategies (more explicit/controlled) of ER, remains pending (Garnefski & Kraaij, 2007).…”

Statistical Approaches for Highly Skewed Data: Evaluating Relations between Maltreatment and Young Adults’ Non-Suicidal Self-injury

“…That said, extant measures that employ count report formats may inadvertently bias reports to favor particular frequency ranges by suggesting count metrics (e.g., 1, 5, 15 in Cerutti, Zuffianò, & Spensieri, 2018;0, 10, 100, 500 in Nielsen, Sayal, & Townsend, 2017). Similarly, studies of NSSI vary with regard to duration, with some studies assessing NSSI events during the prior year as in the current study (e.g., Hasking et al, 2019;Muehlenkamp, Xhunga, & Brausch, 2019), in the past month (e.g., Auerbach et al, 2014;Fox et al, 2019), or over the course of the respondent's life time (e.g., Cerutti et al, 2018). It is not yet clear if and how these variations may influence NSSI distributions and, by extension, the relative effectiveness of statistical approaches for addressing data skewness.…”

“…The current study assessed NSSI outcomes using frequency bands, rather than count data. Although numerous studies have used similar frequency bands (e.g., Buser et al, 2019;Hasking, Boyes, Finlay-Jones, McEvoy, & Rees, 2019;Midkiff et al, 2018;Whitlock et al, 2013), this approach may result in reduced power or conflate potentially different degrees of NSSI. That said, extant measures that employ count report formats may inadvertently bias reports to favor particular frequency ranges by suggesting count metrics (e.g., 1, 5, 15 in Cerutti, Zuffianò, & Spensieri, 2018;0, 10, 100, 500 in Nielsen, Sayal, & Townsend, 2017).…”