Common past - different paths: Exploring state regulation of private security industry in Eastern Europe and post-Soviet republics

The “New” Private Security Industry, the Private Policing of Cyberspace and the Regulatory Questions

“…Policy responses to the growth of private policing have largely been focused upon statutory regulation of parts of the "old" private security industry (Loader & White, 2017) with few considering wider regulation and governance (Gurinskaya & Nalla, 2018). The body of research exploring regulation includes the following: the case for regulation of the "old" private security industry, assessments of existing regulatory structures in countries, and comparisons of different systems and proposals for model systems (Button, 2007;Button & Stiernstedt, 2018;De Waard, 1993;Gimenez-Salinas, 2004;Loader & White, 2017;Minnaar, 2005;Nalla & Crichlow, 2017;Nalla & Gurinskaya, 2017;Prenzler & Sarre, 1999, 2008White, 2010). Most regulatory systems gravitate around some form of licensing/registration of either the companies offering security officers as well as private investigators and/or the individual operatives, predominantly based upon a character standard and minimum standards of training (to a lesser extent).…”

“…They also observed how these significant changes had been occurring with little debate or scrutiny from scholars and policy-makers. A significant number of researchers have built upon their body of research noting the continued augmentation of private security and other forms of private policing and the need for special 1 University of Portsmouth, UK regulatory and governance structures (Button, 2019;Crawford, 2003;Johnston & Shearing, 2003;Jones & Newburn, 1998;Loader & White, 2017;Nalla & Gurinskaya, 2017;Prenzler & Sarre, 1999;Stenning & Shearing, 1979a). This article will argue that partly parallel to these changes the "second quiet revolution" has been occurring.…”

The effect of perceived citizen views and supervisor support on Private Security Officers’ job satisfaction: the mediating role of self-legitimacy

“…In addition to their theoretical implications, the findings offer insights into the management of private security personnel. Despite being a key social control agent and their numbers exceeding those of police officers (Nalla and Gurinskaya 2017 ), research suggests that low pay and lack of training diminish PSOs’ job commitment and professionalism and produce negative images of the profession (Cobbina et al 2016 ; Nalla and Heraux 2003 ). To improve public perceptions of private security and instill confidence in PSOs, a systematic effort is needed to educate and train officers to perform their work professionally and in a procedurally just manner.…”

Private Security Preparedness for Disasters Caused by Natural and Anthropogenic Hazards

“…During an emergency situation, private security has the task of implementing measures, but again within the protected facility, issued by the competent emergency headquarters (Lončar et al, 2019a). In contrast to Serbia, a good example is Romania, which has stipulated in its regulations that members of private security react as the first force in the event of fires and disasters (Nalla & Gurinskaya, 2017).…”

“…This is shown by the data on the increase in the volume of work entrusted to the private security industry, as well as the increase in the number of employees in it (Janković, Cvetković, & Ivanov, 2019). Thus, estimates of the number of employees in the industry in the Republic of Serbia, ranges from 30,000 (Davidović & Kešetović, 2017), over 40-50,000 (Nalla & Gurinskaya, 2017), according to the latest data, the number goes up to 60,000 employees (Milošević, 2018).…”