Common neural and transcriptional correlates of inhibitory control underlie emotion regulation and memory control

Liu, Wei; Peeters, Nancy; Fernández, Guillén; Kohn, Nils

doi:10.1093/scan/nsaa073

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 77 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Next, we contrasted the Think condition with the No-Think condition and found the increased activity for the Think condition in a set of regions including the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), hippocampus, inferior parietal lobule (IPL), precuneus, angular gyrus, and cerebellum (voxelwise Z>3.1, cluster-level p < .05 FWER corrected) (Figure 1F; Table S2). Together with the behavioral results from the final memory test, these results confirmed that participants in our experiment followed task instructions, leading to univariate neural signatures of memory retrieval and suppression consistent with prior findings (Anderson, 2004;Levy and Anderson, 2012;Anderson and Hanslmayr, 2014), as well as recent meta-analyses of memory suppression (Guo et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2020b).…”

Section: Fmri Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Cognitive and neural models of memory retrieval and suppression suggest that successful retrieval could be the result of cooperation between an inhibitory control network and an episodic retrieval network (Rugg and Vilberg, 2013), while effective suppression depends on top-down control of the inhibitory control network upon an episodic retrieval network (i.e., competition) (Anderson and Hanslmayr, 2014). Previous fMRI studies of memory suppression supported this idea by showing that compared to Think trials, No-Think trials are associated with stronger activation in control-related regions including the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, inferior parietal lobule, and supplementary motor area (Anderson, 2004;Guo et al, 2018;Liu et al, 2020b). At the same time, these activity increases are accompanied by reduced activity in memory-related areas in the medial temporal lobe, including the hippocampus (Anderson and Hanslmayr, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Dynamic transitions between neural states are associated with flexible task-switching during a memory task

Liu

Kohn²,

Fernández³

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

AbstractFlexible behavior requires switching between different task demands. It is known that such task-switching is associated with costs in terms of slowed reaction time, reduced accuracy, or both. The neural correlates of task-switching have usually been studied by requiring participants to switch between distinct tasks that recruit different brain networks. Here, we investigated the transition of neural states underlying switching between two memory-related processes with opposite task demands (i.e., memory retrieval and memory suppression). We investigated 26 healthy participants who performed a Think/No-Think task while being in the fMRI scanner. Behaviorally, we show that it was more difficult for participants to suppress unwanted memories when a No-Think was preceded by a Think trial instead of another No-Think trial. Neurally, we demonstrate that Think-to-No-Think switches were associated with an increase in control-related and a decrease in memory-related brain activity. Neural representations of task demand, assessed by decoding accuracy, were lower immediately after task switching compared to the non-switch transitions, suggesting a switch-induced delay in the neural transition towards the required task demand. This suggestion is corroborated by an association between demand-specific representational strength and demand-specific performance in switch trials. Taken together, we propose that the brain’s delayed transition of neural states towards the task demand at hand is associated with a switch cost leading to less successful memory suppression.Significance statementOur brain can switch between multiple tasks but at the cost of less optimal performance during transition. One possible neuroscientific explanation is that the representation of task demand is not easy to be updated immediately after switching. Thus, weak representations for the task at hand explain performance costs. To test this, we applied brain decoding approaches to human fMRI data when participants switched between successive trials of memory retrieval and suppression. We found that switching leads to a weaker representation of the current task. The remaining representation of the previous, opposite task is associated with inferior performance in the current task. Therefore, timely updating of task representations is critical for the task switching in the service of flexible behaviors.

show abstract

Section: Fmri Resultssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic transitions between neural states are associated with flexible task-switching during a memory task

Liu

Kohn²,

Fernández³

2020

Preprint

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite investigating very different phenomena, these studies reported similar sets of significant GO categories, most frequently implicating categories related to metabolic, neuronal, and generic biological and behavioral processes. The most reported GO category in our survey was 'chemical synaptic transmission' (GO:000726), which has been reported in 15 human analyses from 10 different studies (21,26,32,(69)(70)(71)(72)(73)(74)(75) and four different mouse analyses from three different studies ( organization of human resting-state functional connectivity (21), human adolescent cortical shrinkage and myelination (26), and tract-traced structural connectivity in the mouse brain (17). Some other commonly reported categories include 'potassium ion transmembrane transport' (22,26,32,74,77,78), 'learning or memory' (15,74,75,79,80), and 'electron transport chain' (18,19,23,26,74)…”

Section: Diverse Phenotypes In the Literature Are Enriched For Similamentioning

confidence: 69%

Overcoming bias in gene-set enrichment analyses of brain-wide transcriptomic data

Fulcher

Arnatkevičiūtė

Fornito

2020

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The recent availability of whole-brain atlases of gene expression, which quantify the transcriptional activity of thousands of genes across many different brain regions, has opened new opportunities to understand how gene-expression patterns relate to spatially varying properties of brain structure and function. To aid interpretation of a given neural phenotype, gene-set enrichment analysis (GSEA) has become a standard statistical methodology to identify functionally related groups of genes, annotated using systems such as the Gene Ontology (GO), that are associated with a given phenotype. While GSEA has identified functional groups of genes related to diverse aspects of brain structure and function in mouse and human, here we show that these results are affected by substantial statistical biases. Quantifying the false-positive rates of individual GO categories across an ensemble of completely random phenotypic spatial maps, we found an average 875-fold inflation of significant findings relative to expectation in mouse, and a 582-fold inflation in human, with some categories being judged as significant for over 20% of random phenotypes. Concerningly, the probability of a GO category being reported as significant in the extant literature increases with its estimated false-positive rate, suggesting that published reports are strongly affected by the reporting of false-positive bias. We show that the bias is primarily driven by gene-gene coexpression and spatial autocorrelation in transcriptional data, which are not accounted for in conventional GSEA nulls, and we introduce flexible ensemble-based null models that properly account for these effects. Using case studies of structural connectivity degree in mouse and human, we demonstrate that many GO categories that would conventionally be judged as highly significant are in fact consistent with ensembles of random phenotypes. Our results highlight major pitfalls with applying standard GSEA to brain-wide transcriptomic data and outline a solution to this pervasive problem, which is made available as a toolbox. transcriptome | gene ontology | gene enrichment | genome | MRI Correspondence: ben.fulcher@sydney.edu.au Fulcher et al. | bioRχiv | April 24, 2020 | 1-15

show abstract

“…However, it should be noted that although the N2 component has widely been associated with inhibitory control of TBF items in the DF procedure (Anderson & Hanslmayr, 2014; Liu et al., 2020), there are also findings suggesting that the N2 reflects other cognitive processes rather than inhibition (e.g., conflict resolution or information discarding of TBF items; Schindler & Kissler, 2018). Furthermore, when considering the intrinsic tendency of mnemic neglect in healthy populations, we propose that it is possible the observed DF effect for negative social feedback mainly resulted from selective rehearsal of TBR items rather than the inhibitory control of TBF ones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forgetting positive social feedback is difficult: ERP evidence in a directed forgetting paradigm

Xie

et al. 2021

Psychophysiology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Voluntary forgetting of unwanted memories is an adaptive cognitive function. However, it remains unknown how voluntary forgetting of unwanted social feedback may influence subsequent memories and evaluations, and what the underlying neurocognitive processes are. Here, we presented participants with peer photos together with feedback indicating social acceptance or rejection, followed by “remember” or “forget” instructive cues, while electroencephalograms were recorded during the experiment. We examined the Directed Forgetting (DF) effect in a recognition memory test, and tested participants' explicit and implicit attitudes toward the peers using a social evaluation task and an affect misattribution procedure (AMP). Both the memory test and the AMP were examined immediately and 3 days after the DF task so to estimate both the instant and the long‐term effects of memory control. Behaviorally, immediate memory test showed smaller DF effect for positive than negative social feedback, which suggests that forgetting positive social feedback was more difficult than forgetting negative social feedback. Regarding the ERP results, although participants showed comparable frontal N2 amplitudes (reflecting inhibitory control efforts) following the instruction of forgetting positive and negative social feedback, positive feedback elicited larger late positive potential (LPP) amplitudes than negative feedback during initial encoding phase, suggesting an encoding bias for positive self‐relevant information. Intriguingly, voluntary efforts to forget negative social feedback enhanced people's explicit and implicit evaluations toward the feedback senders. These findings provide new evidence for the adaptive function of memory control, which broadens the influence of voluntary forgetting in the context of social interaction and social evaluation.

show abstract

Common neural and transcriptional correlates of inhibitory control underlie emotion regulation and memory control

Cited by 21 publications

References 77 publications

Dynamic transitions between neural states are associated with flexible task-switching during a memory task

Dynamic transitions between neural states are associated with flexible task-switching during a memory task

Overcoming bias in gene-set enrichment analyses of brain-wide transcriptomic data

Forgetting positive social feedback is difficult: ERP evidence in a directed forgetting paradigm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About