Common Medical Disorders Rarely Found in Psychotic Patients

Ehrentheil, Otto F.

doi:10.1001/archneurpsyc.1957.02330320076010

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Consequences of altered PTGDS levels are not known, but given the important roles proposed for the PTGDS enzyme and its product, PGD2, the altered expression of the PTGDS gene may contribute to the multitude of biological abnormalities observed in the schizophrenia pathology. For instance, studies in rodents have shown that PTGDS plays an important role in the regulation of sleep–wake cycles [Matsumura et al, 1991; Takahata et al, 1993] and in sensitivity to tactile pain [Eguchi et al, 1999], which are both known to be altered in schizophrenic patients [Ehrentheil, 1957; Mattai et al, 2006].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family‐based and case‐control studies reveal no association oflipocalin‐type prostaglandin D2 synthasewith schizophrenia

Ruano

Macedo²,

Soares³

et al. 2007

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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Several observations point to the involvement of disturbed lipid biology in schizophrenia. Reduced response to niacin flushing test, which involves vasodilatation induced by prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), is among the evidences, together with decreased CSF levels of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS), the enzyme responsible for the synthesis of PGD2 in the brain. Since PTGDS is also a carrier for lipophilic molecules such as retinoids and thyroid hormones, altered PTGDS levels might influence both PGD2-mediated signaling, and vitamin A and thyroid hormone availability. To test whether genetic variants of PTGDS are involved in the etiology of schizophrenia, we searched for variants in the coding and regulatory regions of the gene. We identified four previously described polymorphisms. Using two case-control samples from Portugal and Brazil, none of the polymorphisms tested was associated with the disease. In addition, no transmission distortion was observed in an independent parents-offspring sample from the Azorean Islands. Our data do not support the involvement of the PTGDS gene in the etiology of schizophrenia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Family‐based and case‐control studies reveal no association oflipocalin‐type prostaglandin D2 synthasewith schizophrenia

Ruano

Macedo²,

Soares³

et al. 2007

American J of Med Genetics Pt B

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“…Koranyi [1972] found only 2 cases of bronchial asthma and dermatitis among 100 psychiatric outpatients. Simi larly, a lower incidence of asthma, hay fever and other allergic phenomena has been reported by Ehrentheil [1957], and by Lipper and Werman [1977]. The prelimi nary report by Baldwin [ 1979] indicated low relative risks for these conditions but significantly increased risks fol lowing manic depressive illness.…”

Section: Allergymentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between Schizophrenia and Psychosomatic Illness: A Review

Ananth¹,

Engelsmann²

1984

Neuropsychobiology

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For centuries, a relationship between physical illness and mental illness has been assumed. Following this lead, many reports of an inverse relationship between a number of physical disorders and schizophrenia have appeared. Particularly, the low rates of occurrence of certain psychosomatic illnesses in schizophrenic patients seem to indicate a certain biological and psychodynamic basis. These associations are important in that they may unravel important etiological relationships. Furthermore, they are amenable to testing by epidemiological investigations. Hence there is a need to pursue these studies. The current data no doubt provide impetus for further work and directions for future studies. Well controlled and methodologically sound studies in this area may be of immense value in our understanding of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia.

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“…Numerous studies including several tens of thousands of patients were identified (7,18,85,(198)(199)(200)(201)(202)(203)(204)(205)(206)(207)(208)(209)(210)(211), the vast majority of which found a decreased frequency of rheumatoid arthritis among people with schizophrenia. Explanations may be of a genetic, environmental (institutionalization and sedentary lifestyle due to negative symptoms), pharmacological (analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of antipsychotic drugs) and biochemical (histo-imcompatibility factors) nature [for review see (212,213)].…”

Section: Skin and Connective Tissue Diseases (392 Medline Hits)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature

Leucht

Burkard

Henderson³

et al. 2007

Acta Psychiatr Scand

560

358

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Sartorius N. Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature.Objective: The lifespan of people with schizophrenia is shortened compared to the general population. We reviewed the literature on comorbid physical diseases in schizophrenia to provide a basis for initiatives to fight this unacceptable situation. Method: We searched MEDLINE (1966( -May 2006 combining the MeSH term of schizophrenia with the 23 MeSH terms of general physical disease categories to identify relevant epidemiological studies. Results: A total of 44 202 abstracts were screened. People with schizophrenia have higher prevalences of HIV infection and hepatitis, osteoporosis, altered pain sensitivity, sexual dysfunction, obstetric complications, cardiovascular diseases, overweight, diabetes, dental problems, and polydipsia than the general population. Rheumatoid arthritis and cancer may occur less frequently than in the general population. Eighty-six per cent of the studies came from industrialized countries limiting the generalizability of the findings. Conclusion: The increased frequency of physical diseases in schizophrenia might be on account of factors related to schizophrenia and its treatment, but undoubtedly also results from the unsatisfactory organization of health services, from the attitudes of medical doctors, and the social stigma ascribed to the schizophrenic patients. Summations• According to this review it has been known for decades that incidences physical diseases are frequent in schizophrenia. Nevertheless, some areas such as infectious diseases have not been sufficiently studied.• Psychiatrists are often not trained well enough in the detection and treatment of physical diseases.They must be aware of the frequent medical comorbidities and should play a more active role in their diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.• Other necessary strategies include the education of patients, general practitioners and of doctors working in other medical specialities. The access to medical care of the mentally ill also needs to be improved, among others, by reducing the stigma associated with mental disorders. Considerations• The review covered a broad area of research accordingly, focusing attention to details has not been possible.• Despite the broad search strategy, studies not covered by MEDLINE or not indexed by the MeSH term of schizophrenia could have been missed. • Due to considerable differences in the design and quality of the studies in assorted and diverse areas, quantitative approaches using meta-analysis were not possible, but should be the target of future reviews focusing.

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Common Medical Disorders Rarely Found in Psychotic Patients

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

Family‐based and case‐control studies reveal no association oflipocalin‐type prostaglandin D2 synthasewith schizophrenia

Family‐based and case‐control studies reveal no association oflipocalin‐type prostaglandin D2 synthasewith schizophrenia

Relationship between Schizophrenia and Psychosomatic Illness: A Review

Physical illness and schizophrenia: a review of the literature

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