Common genetic variants and pathways in diabetes and associated complications and vulnerability of populations with different ethnic origins

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a complex and heterogeneous metabolic disorder which is often pre- or post-existent with complications such as cardiovascular disease, hypertension, inflammation, chronic kidney disease, diabetic retino- and nephropathies. However, the frequencies of these co-morbidities vary among individuals and across populations. It is, therefore, not unlikely that certain genetic variants might commonly contribute to these conditions. Here, we identified four single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs5186, rs1800795, rs1799983 and rs1800629 in AGTR1, IL6, NOS3 and TNFA genes, respectively) to be commonly associated with each of these conditions. We explored their possible interplay in diabetes and associated complications. The variant allele and haplotype frequencies at these polymorphic loci vary among different super-populations (African, European, admixed Americans, South and East Asians). The variant alleles are particularly highly prevalent in different European and admixed American populations. Differential distribution of these variants in different ethnic groups suggests that certain drugs might be more effective in selective populations rather than all. Therefore, population specific genetic architectures should be considered before considering a drug for these conditions.

Prevalence of Cognitive Decline in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Real-World Cross-Sectional Study in Mysuru, India

“…The findings suggest that the prevalence of MCI among diabetic individuals may be because of the complex and diverse nature of diabetes, which has multiple contributing factors, including oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. These factors might play a crucial role in the development of cognitive impairment in diabetic individuals, as supported by previous research [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Association of TNF-α 308G/A and LEPR Gln223Arg Polymorphisms with the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

“…Based on the literature, it is inconclusive whether the -308G/A polymorphisms in the TNF-α promoter results in T2DM susceptibility [22][23][24][25][26]. However, our findings follow recent meta-analysis studies [27,28], suggesting that TNF-α -308G/A can be considered as a risk factor for T2DM.…”

Geospatial analysis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

“…While often have no obvious symptoms at first, T2DM and hypertension are two initial diseases on developing severe cardio- and cerebrovascular complications. Considering T2DM and hypertension are associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genetic mutations 9 , the production of map to inform family or territorial clusters is important in effort to effectively detect T2DM and hypertension 10 .…”