Common Diagnosis Approach to Three-Class Induction Motor Faults Using Stator Current Feature and Support Vector Machine

Abstract

Induction motors are becoming crucial components in numerous industries. The daily usage of induction motors creates the demand for proper maintenance and slight fault detection to avoid serious damage to the induction motor and the shutdown of industries. Among the various kinds of faults in induction motors, bearing failures, broken rotor bar failures, and short-circuit insulation failures are the most common. Thus, detection and classification of slight these faults are attracting great attention. There are conventional methods for detecting such faults, such as the vibration method for bearing failure, the self-organizing map in the case of broken rotor bar failure, and motor current signature analysis for short-circuit insulation failure. From an industrial point of view, diagnosis methods that can classify all these major faults are required. However, reports on the detection and classification of slight these faults using common diagnosis methods are scarce. In this paper, all three kinds of notable faults in an induction motor were artificially induced, and diagnoses using motor stator current spectral features and the rotation speed of the motor were performed. The diagnosis was accomplished using an auto-tunable and arbitrary featured support vector machine algorithm. Although the faults were minor, a high accuracy rate was obtained. The capability to classify the faults and the high diagnosis accuracy prove the robustness and high sensitivity of the method, enabling its practical applications in industries.

Diagnostics of Damage to the Rotor of an Induction Machine Using the Method of Instantaneous Power Analysis

“…However, there may be limitations in extrapolating experimental results to real shipboard conditions, given the complexity of shipboard environments and potential variations in fault manifestations. In their study, Yatsugi et al [10] proposed a method to diagnose and classify major induction motor faults, including bearing faults, rotor core failure, and insulation short circuit, using spectral characteristics of motor stator current and motor speed. However, diagnosis of simultaneous occurrence of multiple classes of faults, which are common in industrial applications, requires future research.…”

Use of Park’s Vector Method for Monitoring the Rotor Condition of an Induction Motor as a Part of the Built-In Diagnostic System of Electric Drives of Transport

“…Effective results of diagnostics of the main elements of an induction motor are obtained using current methods, which seem to be the most appropriate for practical implementation and use in diagnostic monitoring systems that meet modern operational requirements. The authors in [16] cite a study on engine diagnostics using the spectral characteristics of the engine stator current and engine speed. The diagnosis of the main elements of the engine-stator, rotor, and bearings-was performed using an automatically adjusted algorithm of reference vectors with arbitrary characteristics.…”

“…According to the operational statistics [12,16,22], a quantitative analysis of the damage of asynchronous motors with a squirrel-cage rotor was carried out, the averaged results of which are combined into groups taking into account the most frequent failures and are presented in the Figure 1.…”

“…From this, it follows that the presence of a turn-to-turn short-circuit control module in the stator windings in the diagnostic system built into the drive is a necessary component. To determine the turn-to-turn shorting of the stator winding, a number of studies using current methods are presented [6,16,17]. The most effective results were obtained using the Park's vector method [19][20][21].…”

“…They are used as traction engines in railway transport, for driving compressors, machine-fans used for cooling traction engines, and for other equipment on rolling stock of railways and water transport [1][2][3][4]. Despite the fairly high reliability of induction electric Energies 2023, 16, 5109 2 of 14 motors with a squirrel-cage rotor among other types of electric motors, they are variously vulnerable to damage that affects their performance and failure during operation [5][6][7]. Especially for the operation of the transport infrastructure, the reduction of emergency failures is an important influential factor in the implementation of logistics technologies [8].…”