Common causes of low back pain in children.

Afshani, Ehsan; Kuhn, Jerald P.

doi:10.1148/radiographics.11.2.1827529

Cited by 66 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Of this, severe back pain, relapsing or permanent, accounts for 3% to 15% [12,26,48,59,62,64,69]. The prevalence of pain necessitating medical consultation varies between 4% and 31% [2,4,5,8,9,12,18,37,39,41,69], and of pain interfering with everyday activities between 2% and 12.4% [4,5,8,37,41,48,50,64,69].…”

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Balagué¹,

Troussier

Salminen

1999

European Spine Journal

342

291

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionBackache in children and adolescents has traditionally been considered a rare and serious condition, causing one to suspect an organic, infectious, inflammatory or neoplastic origin. Several surveys, however, have revealed a high prevalence of backache, and particularly of lumbar pain, in these age groups, indeed sometimes similar to that reported for adults. The purpose of this article is to review the recent literature, published since 1992 [6], on this topic. Epidemiological dataThe prevalence of back pain in children varies according to the age of the population studied and, particularly, according to the methodology of the studies themselves, viz.:1. Cross-sectional studies by means of a questionnaire, with or without the participation of an investigator, looking at subjective morbidity [4,5,8,9,13,18,26,35,41,48,50,59,62,64,69]. 2. Cross-sectional studies based on physical examination of the subjects, to evaluate the measurable morbidity [4,13,35,48,50,69]. 3. Longitudinal studies (cohort studies) to measure the yearly incidence of spinal pain [12,15].Moreover, studies differ in terms of the definition of backache selected (any localisation of spinal pain versus pain limited to the lumbar area, radicular pain), and also according to the type of prevalence studied (lifetime prevalence or point prevalence of back pain). Several approaches are used in evaluating the intensity of pain: relapsing or permanent pain, need for medical care, or disability due to pain. Furthermore, in studying risk factors, it is important from a methodological point of view to distinguish cross-sectional studies without either a control group or multiple analysis of variance [2, 9, 13, 18, 22, Abstract Low back pain (LBP) among children and adolescents has become the subject of an increasing amount of literature over the last 15 years. This topic, which was considered almost insignificant less than two decades ago, was the focus of a recent international meeting organised in Grenoble (France) in March 1999. This review paper is the result of an literature update search performed by members of three groups which have been active in this field for many years. Current epidemiological data on LBP is summarized as well as the role of the major risk factors according to studies published in the principal peer reviewed journals interested in the topic.Key words Non-specific low back pain · Schoolchildren · Risk factors · Epidemiology Eur Spine J (1999) 8 : 429-438 REVIEW

show abstract

Section: Epidemiological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A familial incidence has been described for disc herniation [20,34,36,66], spondylolysis [2] and non-specific low back pain. Salminen [50] showed that children with at least one parent complaining of back pain reported pain twice as often as other children (P < 0.05).…”

Section: Gendermentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Balagué¹,

Troussier

Salminen

1999

European Spine Journal

342

291

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…or repercussions of systemic disturbances (malnutrition, cardiovascular illness, etc.) to the spinal column during its development [1,6,26,27]. Although degenerative alterations have been described in the young [33], these are more frequent when spinal development has ended, and therefore its effects on the dimensions and morphology of the canal could be differentiated with respect to congenital and developmental alterations [15,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometry of the lower lumbar vertebrae in patients with and without low back pain

Santiago¹,

Milena²,

Herrera³

et al. 2001

Eur Spine J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionMany studies point out that the space available in the lumbar canal is the key to the development of discal symptoms [12] but may also be important in other causes of lumbar pain (hypertrophy of bone structures, vertebral displacement, etc.) [8]. The size of the spinal canal is determined by different factors. First of all are genetic factors, the phenotypic expression of which can be altered by direct local injury (trauma, infection, etc.) or repercussions of systemic disturbances (malnutrition, cardiovascular illness, etc.) to the spinal column during its development [1,6,26,27]. Although degenerative alterations have been described in the young [33], these are more frequent when spinal development has ended, and therefore its effects on the dimensions and morphology of the canal could be differentiated with respect to congenital and developmental alterations [15,28].The different rates of growth of different dimensions of an organism are referred to as allometric growth. The allometric relationship between two diameters may be calculated by ontogenetic data (measurements on individuals of different ages) or static data (measurements on individuals of similar age but different size) [10]. This possibility moved us to take a series of measurements in the lumbar Abstract The authors made several measurements in the lower lumbar vertebrae of patients with and without low back pain. Our objective was to determine the allometric relationships between different dimensions of the lumbar canal, the effects on these from degenerative disease, and differences between the symptomatic and asymptomatic populations. We compared 119 patients suffering from low back and sciatic pain and 39 subjects without lumbar symptoms as determined by computed tomography (CT). The following measurements were made: sagittal diameter of the canal, interpedicular distance, interarticular distance, and anteroposterior diameter of lateral recess and foramen. With respect to the patients with lumbar pain, the asymptomatic group proved to have wider foramina from L3 to L5 and wider sagittal diameters in S1. The patients with canal stenosis revealed lower figures for all diameters of the central canal, lateral recess of L4, and foramina of L4 and L5. Patients with lumbarization showed smaller diameters of the central canal. Conclusion. There is an allometric relationship between the dimensions of the central canals. This relationship is less evident with lateral canals. The patients without lumbar symptoms had wider foramina and sagittal diameters in S1 than those with lumbar symptoms. Of these, patients who developed symptoms of canal stenosis demonstrated smaller diameters in central and lateral canals. Of the developmental anomalies, lumbarization proved to be associated with canal stenosis due to smaller diameters of the central canals.

show abstract

“…Fifteen to 35 % of close relatives of those with spondylolisthesis have isthmic defects. Heritable predisposition is recognized in certain genetic groups: spondylolysis is three times more common in Caucasians than in those of African descent [ 3 ], and prevalence reaches up to 28 % in certain Inuit populations.…”

Section: Spondylolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

The Spine: Acquired Disorders

Wootton‐Gorges¹

2014

Pediatric Orthopedic Imaging

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The chapter begins with the discussion of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis, including a section describing various methods for imaging these conditions. Intervertebral disc disease follows, with discussion of intervertebral calcifi cation and disc prolapse. Spinal trauma is addressed, along with infl ammatory and neoplastic destructive vertebral lesions. The last section of the chapter covers salient features of tumors that occur in the spine, including osteoid osteoma, osteoblastoma, aneurysmal bone cyst, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and osteochondroma.The pediatric spine is affected by a variety of processes that are unique to children or that manifest in children in unusual ways. Spondylolysis represents a response to chronic stress injury and may lead to spondylolisthesis, wherein one vertebra slips forward on the subjacent vertebra. Spine fractures in young children differ greatly from those in adults and are especially common in the upper cervical spine. Discitis, an uncommon idiopathic infl ammatory process, is essentially limited to children, whereas disc herniation and spine infection in children resemble these processes in adults. Several bone tumors, such as osteoid osteoma/osteoblastoma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, and osteochondroma have unique appearances in the spine. (Infl ammatory,

show abstract

Common causes of low back pain in children.

Cited by 66 publications

References 0 publications

Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Non-specific low back pain in children and adolescents: risk factors

Morphometry of the lower lumbar vertebrae in patients with and without low back pain

The Spine: Acquired Disorders

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About