Common and frequently encountered antibodies

Hamilton, Janis R.

doi:10.1016/j.transci.2009.03.011

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The incidence of alloimmunization is much higher in some unique populations, such as those with sickle cell anemia (30-40%) and thalassemia (9%). Transfusion and pregnancy history are 2 major causes initiating the formation of alloantibodies [1][2][3]. Yang et al [6] reported the alloantibody frequencies in 2 populations of Chinese women (with and without pregnancy history, respectively) to have been 0.178 and 0.111%, respectively (p < 0.05).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the Caucasian population, 15% lack the Rh(D)-antigen, 32% lack the C-antigen, and 71% lack the E-antigen. In the Rh(D)-positive Caucasian population, 20% lack the cantigen and 2% of the e-antigen [1]. It has been reported that in Rh(D)-positive Northern Chinese the antigen incidence of e, C, c and E is 92.05, 87.8, 57.29 and 49.42%, respectively [9].…”

Section: Disclosure Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The prevalence of blood type alloantibodies in patients with a history of blood transfusion is approximately 2-9%. The highest blood type alloantibody rates, ranging from 9 to 30%, have been reported in patients with sickle cell anemia, beta-thalassemia, or hematologic malignancies, who receive chronic transfusion therapy [1][2][3]. Surgical patients constitute a large group of individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Wang

Yang²,

Bai³

et al. 2012

Transfus Med Hemother

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of red blood cell (RBC) alloantibodies in surgical patients. Methods: Blood samples of 18,980 Chinese surgical patients were collected and tested between January 2009 and September 2010. For patients with RBC alloantibodies, sequences of antibodies were identified with the DiaMed Asia antibody screening system. Data regarding sex, age, transfusion history, pregnancy history, and alloantibody specificity were collected. Results: 39 alloantibodies were identified from 18,980 samples, yielding a prevalence of 0.21%. The most frequently identified alloantibodies were Rhesus system antibodies (28/39, 71.8%), including anti-E (17/39; 1 anti-E accompanied by anti-Fy^b), anti-c (5/39), anti-cE (2/39), anti-C^w (1/39), anti-D (1/39), and anti-e (1/39). Other antibodies included anti-M (5/39), anti-Le^a (2/39), anti-Le^b (1/39), anti-K+S (1/39), anti-JK^a (1/39), and anti-JS^a (1/39). The frequency of alloantibodies was greater in females than in males (31 vs. 8). Conclusion: The results show a higher prevalence of RBC alloantibodies in females than in males. Anti-E was the most common alloantibody identified in this Chinese surgical population and was also more frequent in females compared to males.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disclosure Statementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Wang

Yang²,

Bai³

et al. 2012

Transfus Med Hemother

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“…However, among few studies done till date, it is quoted that the alloantibodies are detected in up to 0.8% of the whole blood donors. [ 5 6 ] A study by Pahuja et al . [ 7 ] done on 7756 whole blood donors showed the incidence of irregular red cell antibodies of 0.05% in their donor population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of irregular red cell antibody in healthy blood donors attending a tertiary care hospital in North India

Makroo

Rajput

Agarwal

et al. 2018

Asian J Transfus Sci

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BACKGROUND:Alloantibodies may be detected in blood donors who have either been transfused previously or female donors with previous obstetric events. These antibodies can occasionally cause severe transfusion reaction, if a large amount of plasma or whole blood is transfused, as in massive transfusions and pediatric patients.AIMS:The present study aims to assess the prevalence of red cell antibodies in healthy blood donors at a tertiary care hospital-based blood bank in India.MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 82,153 donor samples were screened for irregular red cell antibodies between January 2012 and December 2015 at the Department of Transfusion Medicine, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi. Antibody screening was performed by solid phase method using Immucor Capture–R ready screen (pooled cells) on fully automated immunohematology analyzer Galileo Neo (Immucor Inc., Norcross, GA, USA). Positive tests were further confirmed using Capture-R ready screen (4 cell panel). Advanced investigations to identify the antibody/ies were performed on confirmed positive samples. Antibody identification was conducted using various cell panels (Immucor Capture-R Ready-ID, Panocell-10, Ficin Treated). An advanced technique such as adsorption and elution was performed as per requirement.RESULTS:Screening with pooled cells and 4 cell panel was positive in 227 donors (0.27%), 150 of these donors had autoantibodies, 1 had autoantibodies with underlying alloantibody anti-Jka (0.001%), and 76 had alloantibodies (0.09%) alone in their plasma. Anti-M was the most common antibody (43 donors) identified, followed by anti-D (21 donors). Anti-N was detected in 4; anti-Jka, anti-C, and anti-E in two donors each followed by anti-P1 and anti-Leb in 1 donor.CONCLUSION:Antibodies against red cells can be present in healthy donors detection of which is important in providing safe blood to the patient. The prevalence of red blood cell antibody in healthy donors in this study was found to be 0.27%, while the prevalence of alloantibodies was 0.09%. The majority of alloantibodies were anti-M (56.57%) and anti-D (27.63%).

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“…These patients produce alloantibodies against specific RBC antigens. Some produce antibodies to antigens of very high frequency in the general population, and thus become progressively more difficult to crossmatch 8,9 . Adding to the complexity, not all alloantibodies are clinically significant; in other words, the binding of an alloantibody to RBCs detected by a serology test does not necessarily result in hemolysis when antigen-positive, incompatible blood is transfused.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of a Monocyte Monolayer Assay to Evaluate Fcγ Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis

Tong¹,

Branch

2017

JoVE

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Although originally developed for predicting transfusion outcomes of serologically incompatible blood, the monocyte monolayer assay (MMA) is a highly versatile in vitro assay that can be modified to examine different aspects of antibody and Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-mediated phagocytosis in both research and clinical settings. The assay utilizes adherent monocytes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from mammalian whole blood. MMA has been described for use in both human and murine investigations. These monocytes express FcγRs (e.g., FcγRI, FcγRIIA, FcγRIIB, and FcγRIIIA) that are involved in immune responses. The MMA exploits the mechanism of FcγR-mediated interactions, phagocytosis in particular, where antibody-sensitized red blood cells (RBCs) adhere to and/or activate FcγRs and are subsequently phagocytosed by the monocytes. In vivo, primarily tissue macrophages found in the spleen and liver carry out FcγR-mediated phagocytosis of antibody-opsonized RBCs, causing extravascular hemolysis. By evaluating the level of phagocytosis using the MMA, different aspects of the in vivo FcγR-mediated process can be investigated. Some applications of the MMA include predicting the clinical relevance of allo-or autoantibodies in a transfusion setting, assessing candidate drugs that promote or inhibit phagocytosis, and combining the assay with fluorescent microscopy or traditional Western immunoblotting to investigate the downstream signaling effects of FcγR-engaging drugs or antibodies. Some limitations include the laboriousness of this technique, which takes a full day from start to finish, and the requirement of research ethics approval in order to work with mammalian blood. However, with diligence and adequate training, the MMA results can be obtained within a 24-h turnover time.

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Common and frequently encountered antibodies

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Prevalence of irregular red cell antibody in healthy blood donors attending a tertiary care hospital in North India

Use of a Monocyte Monolayer Assay to Evaluate Fcγ Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis

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Common and frequently encountered antibodies

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Frequency of RBC Alloantibodies in Chinese Surgical Patients

Prevalence of irregular red cell antibody in healthy blood donors attending a tertiary care hospital in North India

Use of a Monocyte Monolayer Assay to Evaluate Fc&#947; Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis

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Use of a Monocyte Monolayer Assay to Evaluate Fcγ Receptor-mediated Phagocytosis