Commingled Yarn Spinning for Thermoplastic/Glass Fiber Composites

Wiegand, Niclas; Mäder, Edith

doi:10.3390/fib5030026

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(39 reference statements)

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“…Carbon fibers have very high stiffness and tensile strength, making them suitable for applications in the aerospace industry. The reinforcement fibers need to be surface treated with the proper sizing to ensure good fiber-matrix bonding in the FRP composite [26,27].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review: Filament Winding and Automated Fiber Placement with In Situ Consolidation for Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

2021

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Fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites are gaining popularity in many industries due to their short consolidation cycles, among other advantages over thermoset-based composites. Computer aided manufacturing processes, such as filament winding and automated fiber placement, have been used conventionally for thermoset-based composites. The automated processes can be adapted to include in situ consolidation for the fabrication of thermoplastic-based composites. In this paper, a detailed literature review on the factors affecting the in situ consolidation process is presented. The models used to study the various aspects of the in situ consolidation process are discussed. The processing parameters that gave good consolidation results in past studies are compiled and highlighted. The parameters can be used as reference points for future studies to further improve the automated manufacturing processes.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The intermingling process is usually performed using air jets at room or elevated temperatures [32]. More recently, the production of commingled yarns using an online hybrid melt spinning technique is developed [26]. The technique enables excellent intermingling of the fibers without damaging them, and sizing can be applied in the same process.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review: Filament Winding and Automated Fiber Placement with In Situ Consolidation for Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

2021

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“…The wound fibres were heated in a rectangular pre-form; after heating to 225 • C (10 K/min), the temperature was kept constant for 21 min at a pressure of 10 bar to ensure a full yarn melt down. The void-free consolidation was experimentally investigated in a previous study [47]; by choosing a suitable combination of temperature and time, the mechanical composite properties were enhanced.…”

Section: Gf-composite Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Line Nanostructuring of Glass Fibres Using Different Carbon Allotropes for Structural Health Monitoring Application

Müller

Eichhorn

Gohs

et al. 2019

Fibers

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By the in-line nanostructuring of glass fibres (GF) during the glass fibre melt spinning process, the authors achieve an electro-mechanical-response-sensor. The glass fibre interphase was functionalized with different highly electrically conductive carbon allotropes such as carbon nanotubes, graphene nanoplatelets, or conductive carbon black. On-line structural health monitoring is demonstrated in continuous glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene composites during a static or dynamic three-point bending test. The different carbon fillers exhibit qualitative differences in their signal quality and sensitivity due to the differences in the aspect ratio of the nanoparticles, the film homogeneity, and the associated electrically conductive network density in the interphase. The occurrence of irreversible signal changes during dynamic loading may be attributed to filler reorientation processes caused by polymer creeping or to the destruction of the electrically conductive paths due to the presence of cracks in the glass fibre interphase. Further, the authors found that sensor embedding hardly influences the tensile properties of continuous GF reinforced polypropylene (PP) composite.

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“…One of the most promising routines is provided by SpinCom yarns, which are based on the simultaneous spinning of reinforcing (GF) and thermoplastic filaments that are commingled during the spinning process to avoid further process steps and achieve more homogeneous filament distributions. In previous tests, different matrix polymers (PP, PLA, PA) and sizings have been investigated by the processing of SpinCom yarns with the aim to improve the interfacial adhesion of their composites [9], [10]. In this work, GF/PBT SpinCom yarns are chosen as an optimal material for preforming by TFP to produce high quality complex structural lightweight parts.…”

Section: Commingled Yarnsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailored Fiber Placement in Thermoplastic Composites

Spickenheuer

Scheffler

Bittrich

et al. 2018

TLS

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Fiber path optimization methods combined with the Tailor Fiber Placement (TFP) technology provide the optimum correlation between load case and fiber orientation and therefore lead to unmatched component performance with endless fiber composite materials. The aim of this work is the development of an innovative manufacturing technology for thermoplastic composites (TPC) including sizing-adapted commingled glass fiber (GF) / thermoplastic yarns (SpinCom yarns) to be processed by TFP to textile preforms with a variable-axial, load adapted fiber design. Furthermore, these preforms will be consolidated in a low energy and resource consuming process using novel light and low cost forming tools produced by incremental sheet metal forming technology. Finally, a low cost solution for thermal processing even for complex shaped TPC parts will be presented. Heading towards optimized resource and cost efficiency of the whole process chain, first results of SpinCom yarns, fiber path optimization, tool manufacturing and forming procedure are presented and demonstrated using GF/PBT (polybutylene therephthalate) SpinCom yarns and the geometry of a bicycle saddle.

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Commingled Yarn Spinning for Thermoplastic/Glass Fiber Composites

Cited by 18 publications

References 31 publications

Review: Filament Winding and Automated Fiber Placement with In Situ Consolidation for Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

Review: Filament Winding and Automated Fiber Placement with In Situ Consolidation for Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastic Polymer Composites

In-Line Nanostructuring of Glass Fibres Using Different Carbon Allotropes for Structural Health Monitoring Application

Tailored Fiber Placement in Thermoplastic Composites

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