Commercially available endoscopy facemasks to prevent aerosolizing spread of droplets during COVID-19 outbreak

Bojórquez, Alejandro; Larequi, Francisco Javier Zozaya; Betés, Maite; Súbtil, José Carlos; Muñoz-Navas, M.

doi:10.1055/a-1180-8355

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In the standard endoscopy rooms, the nominal ACH rate is 15-17 while for the laminar flow theatre it is 300. This is averaged across several rooms, but is measured by the in-house team using a balometer: the air inflow rate is measured in m 3 /hour and is then divided by the room volume in m 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it has now been proven that upper and lower endoscopic procedures can generate aerosols, although their infectivity by SARS-Cov-2 remains unclear, especially for lower GI endoscopy (1,2). There have been various approaches to mitigating aerosols during endoscopy, including the use of facemasks on patients which is increasingly being adopted clinically (3,4) and the substitution of per-oral for trans-nasal endoscopy which can reduce aerosol production by 50% (1). Improved is another key aerosol mitigation strategy but recommendations vary widely: newly designed endoscopy rooms in the UK require at least 10 air changes per hour (ACH), and negative pressure (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Air filtration mitigates aerosol levels both during and after OGD procedures

Phillips

Crowley

Warburton

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objectives: Upper GI endoscopies are aerosol generating procedures (AGPs), increasing risk of spreading airborne pathogens. We aim to quantify mitigation of airborne particles via improved ventilation, specifically laminar flow theatres and portable HEPA filters, during and after upper GI endoscopies. Methods: This observational study included patients undergoing routine oral gastroscopy in a standard endoscopy room with 15-17 air changes per hour, a standard endoscopy room with portable HEPA filtration unit, and a laminar flow theatre with 300 air changes per hour. A particle counter (diameter range 0.3um-25um) took measurements 10cm from the mouth. Three analyses were performed: whole procedure particle counts, event-based counts and air clearance estimation using post-procedure counts. Results: Compared to a standard endoscopy room, for whole procedures we observe a 28.5x reduction in particle counts in laminar flow (p<0.001) but no significant effect of HEPA filtration(p=0.50). For event analysis we observe for lateral flow theatres reduction in particles >5um for oral extubation (12.2x,p<0.01), reduction in particles <5um for coughing/gagging (6.9x ,p<0.05) and reduction for all sizes in anaesthetic throat spray (8.4x,p<0.01) but no significant effect of HEPA filtration. However, we find that in the fallow period between procedures HEPA filtration reduces particle clearance times by 40%. Conclusions: Laminar flow theatres are highly effective at dispersing aerosols immediately after production and should be considered for high-risk cases where patients are actively infectious or supply of PPE is limited. Portable HEPA filers can safely reduce fallow time between procedures by 40%.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air filtration mitigates aerosol levels both during and after OGD procedures

Phillips

Crowley

Warburton

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…The safety of the subjects and the stress for the endoscopists should be also taken into account when developing a solution. Although some devices for the prevention of the diffusion of droplets from subjects undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) have been reported recently, 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 there were no reports that evaluated the influence on the respiration of the subjects and the operability of the endoscopists.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Commercially available novel device to prevent the diffusion of droplets from subjects undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy: A pilot study with its prototype

et al. 2021

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Introduction Under the current pandemic situation of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19), we have newly developed a commercially available device named Endomask to prevent the diffusion of droplets from subjects undergoing esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD). Herein, we evaluate the efficacy and safety of the device, and also evaluate the stress of the device on the operators and the subjects of EGD. Methods The efficacy of the device was evaluated using an experimental model that simulated the environment of EGD. The safety of the device was evaluated clinically by means of measuring the oxygen saturation and the expiratory carbonic dioxide partial pressure of subjects with our device during EGD. The stress of the device on the operability of the endoscopists and the respiration of the subjects were evaluated using questionnaires. Results In the experiments with Endomask, the percentage of the area with simulated droplets was significantly reduced compared to that without our device (median, 0.24% vs. 6.96%, p = 0.009). The saturation of oxygen and the expiratory carbonic dioxide partial pressure of subjects with the device did not show significant change at any recording times. Neither the operators nor the subjects felt serious stress from examination with the device. Conclusions Endomask could remarkably and safely prevent the diffusion of droplets without serious stress. Endomask is expected to contribute to a reduction of the infectious risk of SARS‐CoV‐2 in endoscopy units during COVID‐19 pandemic.

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“…To reduce the spread of aerosolized droplets, several devices have been developed. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] This novel mouthpiece consists of a conventional mouthpiece made of polypropylene and a hat-shaped aerosol droplet guard, which are connected together. (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%