Commercialization of Publicly Funded Research and Development (R&D) in Russia: Scaling up the Emergence of Spinoff Companies

Abstract

The Policy Research Working Paper Series disseminates the findings of work in progress to encourage the exchange of ideas about development issues. An objective of the series is to get the findings out quickly, even if the presentations are less than fully polished. The papers carry the names of the authors and should be cited accordingly. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the authors. They do not necessarily represent the views of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank and its affiliated organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of the World Bank or the governments they represent.

Foreign direct investment and regional economic development in Russia: an econometric assessment

“…Nevertheless, this country still maintains one of the world's largest groups of R&D experts as well as enormous R&D facilities inherited from the Soviet Union. The problem is that such a large scale of R&D capital has not necessarily been utilized by the private business sector in an effective manner (Algieri, 2006;Yegorov, 2009;Gutierrez and Correa, 2012). This notion is also consistent with the empirical results we reported in the previous section, which show insignificant estimates of the natural logarithm of the latest production technologies utilized (lnNEWTECH).…”

Obstacles to Small Innovative Companies' Development: Case Study of Nizhny Novgorod Region

“…In this section experts answered the question of whether it is difficult to protect intellectual property in the region. Certain constraints such as protection of intellectual property exist only in Russia because of the lack of the international commercialization strategy (Gutierrez & Correa, 2012).…”

“…In this block the experts were asked to evaluate the level of competence of the team of innovative projects, what kind of competences they lack, if they have problems with finding, attracting and retaining qualified staff. Among barriers in the sphere of education can be named the insufficient amount of special educational programs in the field of entrepreneurship and small innovative business development, low qualification of the personnel (Madrid-Guijarro et al, 2009;Tourigny & Le, 2004), low and, consequently, uncompetitive average earnings for researchers in the global market (Gutierrez & Correa, 2012), low quality of education, poor understanding of customer needs, the lack of knowledge on the development and commercialization of project management skills, skilled labor deficit (Doloreux, 2004;Kazakova et al, 2009;Sharma et al, 2012;Silva et al, 2007;Vermeulen, 2005;Xie et al, 2010).…”

Social Entrepreneurship Opportunities via Distant Socialization and Social Value Creation

“…They work for their passion with an idea for personal reward [133]. Though the concept of lifestyle entrepreneurs is relatively new, many entrepreneurs from the past can be tagged as lifestyle entrepreneurs [134].…”