Commercial Soy Protein Ingredients as Isoflavone Sources for Functional Foods

Abstract

The knowledge of the contents and profile of isoflavones present in soy protein ingredients, as well as the effect of industrial processing, is important for the development of functional foods rich in these compounds. The results obtained here showed that the total isoflavone content varied significantly among products. For defatted and whole soy flours the total isoflavone content ranged from 120 to 340 mg/100 g, for soy protein isolates from 88 to 164 mg/100 g, and for commercial textured soy proteins, from 66 to 183 mg/100 g (wet basis, expressed as aglycones). The highest isoflavone content was found for soy hypocotyl flours, from 542 to 851 mg/100 g. Compared to hypocotyl and whole and defatted flours, soy ingredients presented a decrease of malonylglycosides and deesterified beta-glycosides with a significant increase in the percentage of aglycones, mainly for soy fibers (65-76%). While defatting was shown to cause isoflavone concentration without altering conjugation, extrusion process caused destruction of isoflavones and a significant increase in the amount of acetylglycosides, but this effect was less intense for the concentrates. From the results obtained it can be concluded that differences in isoflavone concentration and profile may be related to oscillations in the isoflavone content present in the raw material and to the type of processing.

Anti-inflammatory effect of natural heterocycle glucoside vicine obtained from Vicia faba L. its aglucone (divicine) their effect on some oxidative stress biomarkers in Albino rats

“…In groups 1-6, of 10 animals each, LD 50 of vicine was calculated by giving an oral dose of 700, 1400, 2100, 2800, 3500 and 4200 mg/kg bw, corresponding each dose to one group of 10 animals. In a similar way, in groups 7-12, LD 50 of divicine was determined by oral administration of the following doses: 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/kg bw.…”

“…The number of animals which died within 24 h was recorded. The LD 50 was then calculated by the application of the following formula:…”

“…The dose of vicine that killed half of the rats (LD 50 ) was 2100 mg/kg bw The results given in Table 3 show that oral administration of divicine in doses of 500, 1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 mg/kg bw resulted in mortalities of 0, 1, 2, 5, 8 and 10, respectively. The dose of divicine that killed half of the rats (LD 50 ) was 1950 mg/kg bw.…”

“…[16] Diclofenac sodium has also been reported to suppress inflammation in experimental animal models. [17] As an extension of my interested research program in the extraction and therapeutic evaluation of medicinal plants, [18][19][20][21] I report herein, a facile route to calculate the median lethal doses (LD 50 ) and describe the anti-inflammatory effect of vicine and divicine isolated from fava beans (Vicia faba) which may pave the way for possible therapeutic application.…”

Effects of Continuous Shade Stress during Procreation Growth Stage on Isoflavone and Lignin Accumulation in Developing Soybean Seed

“…is the world's most widely grown grain legume [1] and it have become a well-known functional food that provides numerous beneficial secondary metabolites, such as isoflavone and lignin [2]. In addition to being a beneficial food to health, isoflavone and lignin contributed to all aspects of plant responses towards biotic and abiotic stimuli, such as fungal or bacterial infection [3], UV irradiation [4], high temperature stress [5] and water deficits [6].…”