Commercial sex between men: A prospective diary‐based study

Minichiello, Victor; Mariño, Rodrigo; Browne, Jan; Jamieson, Maggie; Peterson, Kirk; Reuter, Brad; Robinson, Kenn

doi:10.1080/00224490009552032

Cited by 40 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The finding that street workers engaged in riskier sexual activities for more money is consistent with research documenting that street workers report highest rates of HIV risk behavior relative to other types of sex workers. 5,[12][13][14]21 In contrast, many internet escorts reported increased HIV sexual risk-taking among casual or recreational sex partners relative to sex work partners, a finding that is also supported by prior research. 15,16 Motivations for engaging in sex work included financial, drugs/alcohol, excitement, power, "why not?," and friends and social norms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

“…10,11 Specifically, men who found clients on the street reported the highest rates of HIV risk behavior both with sex work partners and nonsex work partners. 5,[12][13][14] However, in comparison, sex workers who found clients via the internet reported lower rates of HIV risk behavior with their sex work partners than with their nonsex work partners. 15,16 Several recent studies suggest that sexual risk behavior among male sex workers may be related to a number of contextual and psychosocial factors (e.g., depression, substance and alcohol addiction, housing issues) that function independently of sex work.…”

mentioning

confidence: 83%

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Street Workers and Internet Escorts: Contextual and Psychosocial Factors Surrounding HIV Risk Behavior among Men Who Engage in Sex Work with Other Men

et al. 2008

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Sex work has been associated with elevated risk for HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM) in many settings. This mixed methods study examined sexual risk among MSM sex workers in Massachusetts, collecting formative data on HIV risk behavior by sex worker type in order to gain a better understanding of how to tailor prevention interventions to this unique and high-risk subgroup of MSM. Two groups of MSM sex workers were recruited between January and March 2008: street workers (n=19) and internet escorts (n=13). Participants completed a semistructured qualitative interview and quantitative psychosocial assessment battery; interviews were conducted until redundancy in responses was achieved. Almost one third (31%) were HIV-infected. The majority of participants (69%) reported at least one episode of unprotected serodiscordant anal sex (either insertive or receptive) with a mean of 10.7 (SD=42.2) male sex partners of an unknown or different HIV serostatus in the past 12 months. Salient findings included: (a) internet sex workers reported being paid substantially more for sex than street sex workers; (b) inconsistent condom use, high rates of unprotected sex, and low rates of HIV status disclosure with sex work partners for both internet and street workers; general perceptions of a lack of trust on the part of sex work partners (i.e., telling them what they want to hear), offers of more money for unprotected sex; (c) contextual differences in risk taking: internet sex workers reported that they are more likely to engage in sexual risk-taking with noncommercial sex partners than sex partners who pay; (d) HIV status and STI history: two street workers became infected in the context of sex work, and 25% of the entire sample had never been tested for sexually transmitted infections (STI); and (e) motivations and reasons for doing sex work, such as the "lucrativeness" of sex work, as a means to obtain drugs, excitement, power, "why not?" attitude, and because social norms modeled this behavior. Study findings can be used to generate hypotheses for designing and providing tailored primary and secondary prevention interventions for this at-risk subgroup of MSM.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 73%

mentioning

confidence: 83%

Street Workers and Internet Escorts: Contextual and Psychosocial Factors Surrounding HIV Risk Behavior among Men Who Engage in Sex Work with Other Men

et al. 2008

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Although both males and females may purchase and sell sex, 6,7 there are significant gender differences. For example, purchasing sex is much more common among men than among women, whereas women are somewhat more likely than men to sell sex.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Transactional Sex among Men and Women in the South at High Risk for HIV and Other STIs

et al. 2009

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Transactional sex refers to selling sex (exchanging sex for money, drugs, food, shelter, or other items) or purchasing sex (exchanging money, drugs, food, shelter, or other items for sex). These activities have been associated with a higher risk for HIV and other sexually transmitted infections in a variety of populations and settings. This paper examines correlates of purchasing and selling sex in a large sample of drug users, men who have sex with men, and sex partners of these groups. Using respondent-driven sampling, participants were recruited between 2005 and 2008 in two urban and two rural counties in North Carolina. We used multiple logistic regressions to examine separate models for selling and purchasing sex in men and women. In addition, we estimated direct and indirect associations among independent variables in the logistic regression models and transactional sex using structural equation models. The analysis shows that factors associated with women selling and buying sex include being homeless, use of stimulants, bisexual behavior, and neighborhood disorder. There was also a significant difference by race. For men, the factors associated with selling and buying sex include being homeless, bisexual behavior, and not being in a relationship. Although neighborhood violence and disorder show significance in bivariate associations with the outcome, these associations disappear in the structural equation models.

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“…One set of influences seems to be related to where MSWs meet clients (Estep, Waldorf, & Marotta, 1992;Vanwesenbeeck, 2001). Men who find clients ''on the street'' report relatively high rates of HIV sexual risk behavior with them (Minichiello et al, 2000;Morse, Simon, Osofsky, Balson, & Gaumer, 1991) in addition to relatively high rates of injection drug use and sexual risk behavior in their personal lives (Morse, Simon, Baus, Balson, & Osofsky, 1992;Rietmeijer, Wolitski, Fishbein, Corby, & Cohn, 1998). However, MSWs who typically solicit clients via the internet, print publications, or through an escort agency (i.e., ''indoor'' MSWs or ''escorts'') appear to engage in much less risk behavior with their paying sexual partners than do street workers .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Motivational Influences on the Safer Sex Behavior of Agency-based Male Sex Workers

Smith

Seal

2008

Arch Sex Behav

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Although indoor male sex workers (MSWs) have been found to engage in lower rates of HIV risk behavior with clients than street-based MSWs, few studies have examined the motivations behind such practices. We interviewed 30 MSWs working for the same escort agency regarding their safer sex practices with clients and their reasons for these. As in other research, MSWs reported little risk behavior with clients. Five motivational themes related to safer sex on the job emerged: health concerns, emotional intimacy, client attractiveness, relationships, and structural work factors. Results suggest that participants engaged in rational decision-making relative to sex with clients, facilitated by reduced economic incentive for riskier behavior and a supportive social context. MSWs desired a safe sexual work place, personal integrity, and minimal negative consequences to personal relationships. Collaborating with sex work employers to study their role in encouraging a safer workplace may be important to future research.

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Commercial sex between men: A prospective diary‐based study

Cited by 40 publications

References 17 publications

Street Workers and Internet Escorts: Contextual and Psychosocial Factors Surrounding HIV Risk Behavior among Men Who Engage in Sex Work with Other Men

Street Workers and Internet Escorts: Contextual and Psychosocial Factors Surrounding HIV Risk Behavior among Men Who Engage in Sex Work with Other Men

Transactional Sex among Men and Women in the South at High Risk for HIV and Other STIs

Motivational Influences on the Safer Sex Behavior of Agency-based Male Sex Workers

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