Commercial quantities of ultrasmall fluorescent nanodiamonds containing color centers

Shenderova, Olga; Nunn, Nicholas; Oeckinghaus, Thomas; Torelli, Marco D.; McGuire, G. E.; Smith, Kevin; Danilov, Evgeny O.; Reuter, Rolf; Wrachtrup, Joerg; Shames, Alexander I.; Filonova, Daria; Kinev, Alexander

doi:10.1117/12.2256800

Cited by 38 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…For instance, there are three main issues that needs to be address such as the high cost associated with their production, the low brightness for FNDs with size smaller than 100 nm and their instability in a biological environment. To resolve these challenges, recent efforts have been made to design new synthetic techniques based on irradiation with 2–3 MeV electrons that allow the production of FNDs in large scale (hundred grams per batch) with size less than 100 nm and optimized brightness [186]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional nanodiamonds in regenerative medicine: Recent advances and future directions

Whitlow

Pacelli

Paul

2017

Journal of Controlled Release

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With recent advances in the field of nanomedicine, many new strategies have emerged for diagnosing and treating diseases. At the forefront of this multidisciplinary research, carbon nanomaterials have demonstrated unprecedented potential for a variety of regenerative medicine applications including novel drug delivery platforms that facilitate the localized and sustained release of therapeutics. Nanodiamonds (NDs) are a unique class of carbon nanoparticles that are gaining increasing attention for their biocompatibility, highly functional surfaces, optical properties, and robust physical properties. Their remarkable properties have established NDs as an invaluable regenerative medicine platform, with a broad range of clinically relevant applications ranging from targeted delivery systems for insoluble drugs, bioactive substrates for stem cells, and fluorescent probes for long-term tracking of cells and biomolecules in vitro and in vivo. This review introduces the synthesis techniques and the various routes of surface functionalization that allow for precise control over the properties of NDs. It also provides an in-depth overview of the current progress made towards the use of NDs in the fields of drug delivery, tissue engineering, and bioimaging. Their future outlook in regenerative medicine including the current clinical significance of NDs, as well as the challenges that must be overcome to successfully translate the reviewed technologies from research platforms to clinical therapies will also be discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multifunctional nanodiamonds in regenerative medicine: Recent advances and future directions

Whitlow

Pacelli

Paul

2017

Journal of Controlled Release

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“…The micron-sized particles (1 μ m and above) and the submicron particles (∼100 nm–1 μ m) are widely used in the abrasives industry. Commercial quantities of nanosized diamond with sizes of 100 nm and below containing NV centers have been produced by irradiation of these particles with He ions 10 or 1–3 MeV electrons 32 . More robust micron-sized diamond particles are used when a high fluence and/or high flux are needed, the latter translates into reduced cost of irradiation.…”

Section: Production and Characterization Of Fluorescent Diamond Partimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More robust micron-sized diamond particles are used when a high fluence and/or high flux are needed, the latter translates into reduced cost of irradiation. Micron-sized particles have been used for commercial production of fluorescent diamond particles using electron beams with energies 10 MeV, 31 5 MeV, 33 or 1–3 MeV 32 . These micron-sized HPHT particles containing color centers are then milled to nanosized particles [Fig.…”

Section: Production and Characterization Of Fluorescent Diamond Partimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of groups are currently undertaking efforts to commercialize ND-NV centers 31–33,46 . Recently, our group succeeded in large-scale production of fluorescent diamond particles containing NV centers in hundred-grams per batch scales using irradiation with 2–3 MeV electrons 32 . Production of ND-NV fractions with median sizes ranging between 10 and 100 nm was achieved by milling of micron-sized particles and subsequent purification; Fluorescent nanodiamonds with different types of surface modification and functionalization are now available as commercial products 32 .…”

Section: Production and Characterization Of Fluorescent Diamond Partimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, our group succeeded in large-scale production of fluorescent diamond particles containing NV centers in hundred-grams per batch scales using irradiation with 2–3 MeV electrons 32 . Production of ND-NV fractions with median sizes ranging between 10 and 100 nm was achieved by milling of micron-sized particles and subsequent purification; Fluorescent nanodiamonds with different types of surface modification and functionalization are now available as commercial products 32 . In this section, we summarize both our groups’ findings and insights from other groups toward optimization of NV centers production in diamond particles.…”

Section: Production and Characterization Of Fluorescent Diamond Partimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Review Article: Synthesis, properties, and applications of fluorescent diamond particles

Shenderova

Shames

Nunn

et al. 2019

Journal of Vacuum Science &Amp; Technology B, Nanotechnology and Microelectronics: Materials, Processing, Measurement, and Phen

137

146

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Diamond particles containing color centers—fluorescent crystallographic defects embedded within the diamond lattice—outperform other classes of fluorophores by providing a combination of unmatched photostability, intriguing coupled magneto-optical properties, intrinsic biocompatibility, and outstanding mechanical and chemical robustness. This exceptional combination of properties positions fluorescent diamond particles as unique fluorophores with emerging applications in a variety of fields, including bioimaging, ultrasensitive metrology at the nanoscale, fluorescent tags in industrial applications, and even potentially as magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents. However, production of fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) is nontrivial, since it requires irradiation with high-energy particles to displace carbon atoms and create vacancies—a primary constituent in the majority color centers. In this review, centrally focused on material developments, major steps of FND production are discussed with emphasis on current challenges in the field and possible solutions. The authors demonstrate how the combination of fluorescent spectroscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance provides valuable insight into the types of radiation-induced defects formed and their evolution upon thermal annealing, thereby guiding FND performance optimization. A recent breakthrough process allowing for production of fluorescent diamond particles with vibrant blue, green, and red fluorescence is also discussed. Finally, the authors conclude with demonstrations of a few FND applications in the life science arena and in industry.

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Nanodiamond in composite: Biomedical application

Rehman

Houshyar

Wang

2020

J Biomedical Materials Res

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The biocompatibility of materials is the determining factor for them to be applied in biomedical areas. Nanodiamond (ND) has gained increasing interest in this area due to its biocompatibility, ease of surface functionalization and excellent mechanical performance. ND has been widely used to reinforce biopolymers, and the resultant biocomposites have found applications in bone tissue engineering, chemotherapeutic drug delivery, and wound healing. Fluorescent ND, when combined with biopolymers, is serving for bioimaging and sensing applications. Herein, we contribute a description of ND, recent trends in its adoption for biopolymers, functionalization methods, amalgamation techniques of ND with biopolymers, potential applications of these composites in the biomedical field and future perspectives.biocompatibility, biocomposites, biopolymers, nanodiamond, scaffold

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Commercial quantities of ultrasmall fluorescent nanodiamonds containing color centers

Cited by 38 publications

References 31 publications

Multifunctional nanodiamonds in regenerative medicine: Recent advances and future directions

Multifunctional nanodiamonds in regenerative medicine: Recent advances and future directions

Review Article: Synthesis, properties, and applications of fluorescent diamond particles

Nanodiamond in composite: Biomedical application

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