Commercial Bombus impatiens as reservoirs of emerging infectious diseases in central México

Sachman-Ruiz, Bernardo; Narváez-Padilla, Verónica; Reynaud, Enrique

doi:10.1007/s10530-015-0859-6

Cited by 64 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(64 reference statements)

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“…Recent reviews of pollinator declines are leaning toward the position that multiple stressors acting in concert are likely causing pollinator decline worldwide (36). These stressors include other pathogens reported from commercially produced bumble bee colonies (28,37), loss of floral and nesting resources, agrochemicals, and changing climate (36,38). Increasing physiological stress attributable to environmental degradation is likely to enhance the effects of pathogens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test of the invasive pathogen hypothesis of bumble bee decline in North America

Cameron

Lim

Lozier

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

111

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Emergent fungal diseases are critical factors in global biodiversity declines. The fungal pathogen Nosema bombi was recently found to be widespread in declining species of North American bumble bees (Bombus), with circumstantial evidence suggesting an exotic introduction from Europe. This interpretation has been hampered by a lack of knowledge of global genetic variation, geographic origin, and changing prevalence patterns of N. bombi in declining North American populations. Thus, the temporal and spatial emergence of N. bombi and its potential role in bumble bee decline remain speculative. We analyze Nosema prevalence and genetic variation in the United States and Europe from 1980, before an alleged introduction in the early 1990s, to 2011, extracting Nosema DNA from Bombus natural history collection specimens from across this time period. Nosema bombi prevalence increased significantly from low detectable frequency in the 1980s to significantly higher frequency in the mid- to late-1990s, corresponding to a period of reported massive infectious outbreak of N. bombi in commercial bumble bee rearing stocks in North America. Despite the increased frequency, we find no conclusive evidence of an exotic N. bombi origin based on genetic analysis of global Nosema populations; the widespread Nosema strain found currently in declining United States bumble bees was present in the United States before commercial colony trade. Notably, the US N. bombi is not detectably different from that found predominantly throughout Western Europe, with both regions characterized by low genetic diversity compared with high levels of diversity found in Asia, where commercial bee breeding activities are low or nonexistent.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Test of the invasive pathogen hypothesis of bumble bee decline in North America

Cameron

Lim

Lozier

et al. 2016

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

115

111

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“…Across Europe and North America, DWV has also been detected in bumble bees (Bombus spp.) [27 ,28-30,31 , [32][33][34], other wild bee species [27 ,29,35-37] and even taxonomically more distant hosts such as ants, wasps and cockroaches [28,29,38]. These represent an eclectic mix of host species, and the field would benefit from more systematic surveying of the prevalence of DWV, both in terms of geographic and taxonomic (host species) coverage.…”

Section: Dwv Prevalence and Impactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of managed honey bee viruses on wild bees

Tehel

Brown

Paxton

2016

Current Opinion in Virology

129

125

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“…Singh et al [25] detected black queen cell virus (BQCV), DWV, Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and sacbrood virus (SBV) in multiple bee and wasp species. Most notably, many honey bee viruses have been routinely detected in bumble bees [18, 25–27] where they cause detrimental effects on development, lifespan, and colony health [28–30]. Spread of these viruses to bumble bees likely occurs from direct or indirect contact with infected honey bees.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Honey Bee Viruses in Wild Bees: Viral Prevalence, Loads, and Experimental Inoculation

et al. 2016

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Evidence of inter-species pathogen transmission from managed to wild bees has sparked concern that emerging diseases could be causing or exacerbating wild bee declines. While some pathogens, like RNA viruses, have been found in pollen and wild bees, the threat these viruses pose to wild bees is largely unknown. Here, we tested 169 bees, representing 4 families and 8 genera, for five common honey bee (Apis mellifera) viruses, finding that more than 80% of wild bees harbored at least one virus. We also quantified virus titers in these bees, providing, for the first time, an assessment of viral load in a broad spectrum of wild bees. Although virus detection was very common, virus levels in the wild bees were minimal—similar to or lower than foraging honey bees and substantially lower than honey bees collected from hives. Furthermore, when we experimentally inoculated adults of two different bee species (Megachile rotundata and Colletes inaequalis) with a mixture of common viruses that is lethal to honey bees, we saw no effect on short term survival. Overall, we found that honey bee RNA viruses can be commonly detected at low levels in many wild bee species, but we found no evidence that these pathogens cause elevated short-term mortality effects. However, more work on these viruses is greatly needed to assess effects on additional bee species and life stages.

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Commercial Bombus impatiens as reservoirs of emerging infectious diseases in central México

Cited by 64 publications

References 49 publications

Test of the invasive pathogen hypothesis of bumble bee decline in North America

Test of the invasive pathogen hypothesis of bumble bee decline in North America

Impact of managed honey bee viruses on wild bees

Honey Bee Viruses in Wild Bees: Viral Prevalence, Loads, and Experimental Inoculation

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