Comments on the Sea-Breeze Circulation

Haurwitz, B.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1947)004<0001:cotsbc>2.0.co;2

Cited by 172 publications

(153 citation statements)

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“…The Coriolis force rotates the sea breeze 360 • over a 24-h period (Haurwitz 1947). Coriolis effects are small for most of the daytime lifecycle of sea breezes when friction and surface heating dominate (Yan and Anthes 1987).…”

Section: Coriolis Parameter (F)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies

Crosman

Horel

2010

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

279

225

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Numerical studies of sea and lake breezes are reviewed. The modelled dependence of sea-breeze and lake-breeze characteristics on the land surface sensible heat flux, ambient geostrophic wind, atmospheric stability and moisture, water body dimensions, terrain height and slope, Coriolis parameter, surface roughness length, and shoreline curvature is discussed. Consensus results on the influence of these geophysical variables on sea and lake breezes are synthesized as well as current gaps in our understanding. A brief history of numerical modelling, an overview of recent high-resolution simulations, and suggestions for future research related to sea and lake breezes are also presented. The results of this survey are intended to be a resource for numerical modelling, coastal air quality, and wind power studies.

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Section: Coriolis Parameter (F)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies

Crosman

Horel

2010

Boundary-Layer Meteorol

279

225

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“…The first motivations towards a good understanding of land/sea breezes and related processes mainly came from interest in the fundamental meteorology and its influence on various recreational activities. The first analytical models including effects of the Earth's rotation were developed in 1947 (Haurwitz, 1947;Schmidt, 1947), improved afterwards for specific process studies (Feliks, 1963). Linear models are then used for analyzing the response of the atmosphere to differential surface heating (Walsh, 1974;Rotunno, 1983; * Correspondence to: Philippe Drobinski, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace/Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique,École Polytechnique, Palaiseau, France.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear breeze scaling: from large‐scale land/sea breezes to mesoscale inland breezes

Drobinski

Dubos

2009

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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Sea/land breezes and inland breezes have in common the 'breeze' appellation but are essentially different. The land/sea-breeze horizontal extent exceeds 100 km, with the Coriolis effect dominating its dynamics. Conversely, inland breezes are confined between alternating patches of cold and warm surface temperature, over horizontal ranges never exceeding a few kilometres, with negligible Coriolis effect. Both land/sea-breeze and inland-breeze systems are embedded within the planetary boundary layer. Despite their superficial resemblance, however, their physics differs and this article attempts to determine the parameters controlling the transition between the processes driving large-scale land/sea breezes and those driving inland breezes.Rotunno's linear model of the sea breeze is extended in order to describe the transition from the sea-breeze regime to the inland-breeze regime, especially in terms of scaling laws. The scaling in the sea-breeze regime obtained by Rotunno is recovered. In this regime, the breeze cell tends to have a horizontal extent comparable to the Rossby radius. For the inland-breeze regime previously studied by Anthes, an important contribution of the present work is to take into account the effect of friction. This effect is non-trivial, as it introduces an inner region with depth controlled by friction. We demonstrate this effect by performing an asymptotic analysis over a range of horizontal scales that are smaller than the Rossby radius but still much larger than the planetary boundary-layer depth, hence near-hydrostatic. All the dominant terms of the breeze circulation budget are within the inner layer, where friction and buoyancy dominate the Coriolis effect and the outer-layer terms and determine the breeze-cell shape and intensity.

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“…The in-phase component • decreases monotonically as dissipation and diffusion increase, while the out-of-phase component •2 initially increases as dissipation and diffusion increase, to decrease monotonically for large values of dissipation and diffusion (equations (33) is close to that given by Haurwitz [1947] and by Grant [1997].…”

Section: Mesoscale Flow Intensity and Time Lag In Its Response To Formentioning

confidence: 65%

Heat transport and weakening of atmospheric stability induced by mesoscale flows

Dalu¹,

Pielke²,

Vidale³

et al. 2000

J. Geophys. Res.

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Abstract. We present an analytical evaluation and interpretation on how diabatic heating of the convective boundary layer (CBL) is transported upward into the midtroposphere by mesoscale flows, and how the air mixes with the environment and therefore weakens the atmospheric static stability. The thermodynamic imprint on the free atmosphere due to the irreversible processes such as mixing, dissipation, and diffusion, associated with the mesoscale flow, is more clearly shown when the forcing is periodic in time. Convective mixing in the CBL accounts for a thermodynamic perturbation of the order of a few degrees, while mixing associated with the mesoscale activity accounts for a perturbation of the order of half a degree. To isolate this last effect, we prescribe a periodic forcing with a I day period, so over 24 hours, the net diabatic input averages to zero, and the contribution due to the advection cancels out. In this formulation the perturbation is solely due to irreversible processes associated with the mesoscale. These perturbations are relevant, since they are smaller, but of the same order of magnitude as perturbations associated with mesoscale advection and the CBL mixing. A more complete evaluation of the relative contribution to the atmospheric perturbations due to the mesoscale activity was completed using an initial value problem approach. In this case, there is a net transport of the diabatic heat induced by the mesoscale flow. As a consequence, when the mesoscale flow persists for several days, the static stability of the atmosphere is eroded by the combined action of the diabatic heat, CBL mixing, and transport and mixing due to the mesoscale activity. In this paper we first evaluate the contribution of the irreversible processes using a periodic in time forcing. Then we examine the atmospheric impact due to a sequence of several sea breeze days, starting from rest at time zero and letting the flow evolve as an initial value problem. Results suggest that perturbations associated with mesoscale flows generated by landscape variability are of climatological importance and need to be introduced in a parametric form in coarser large-scale models, as presently is done with turbulent subgrid CBL processes.

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Comments on the Sea-Breeze Circulation

Cited by 172 publications

References 0 publications

Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies

Sea and Lake Breezes: A Review of Numerical Studies

Linear breeze scaling: from large‐scale land/sea breezes to mesoscale inland breezes

Heat transport and weakening of atmospheric stability induced by mesoscale flows

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