Comments on the processing of the niobium component for chemical solution derived niobium oxide-based thin-films

Microstructure-dependent leakage-current properties of solution-derived (K0.5Na0.5)NbO3 thin films

“…To a certain extent, it was incorporated in the grains, as also observed in the case of the BaTiO 3 thin films deposited from solutions with barium excess [24], and partially it gathered between the individual grains in the form of amorphous material, which could not be detected by the X-ray diffraction analysis [12]. Although the synthesis of the coating solution was planned to ensure a high level of chemical homogeneity, i.e., enabling the reaction between acetate and alkoxide groups and diminishing the possibility of formation of polynuclear niobium species by a suitable refluxing time [10], and avoiding any noncontrolled hydrolysis, segregation of individual metal species due to their different reactivities, as pointed out in [8,9,25] cannot be excluded. The amorphous phase contributed to the direct conduction path between the bottom and top electrodes, which resulted in the strongly enhanced leakage-current values compared to the KNN-5K thin films.…”

Precursor Homogeneity and Crystallization Effects in Chemical Solution Deposition‐Derived Alkaline Niobate Thin Films

“…Maybe as excluding ambient humidity and using high‐quality sodium precursors already leads to a degree of precursor association and corresponding deficit phases, which is below the detection limit of XRD. Further, it should be mentioned that while the addition of acetylacetone obviously improves the homogeneity for potassium niobate it may severely affect the thermal decomposition of the niobium complex and the electrical properties as we have shown in a previous report 27 . Another aspect worth to be noted is the strong (111) texture in the XRD measurement in Fig.…”

“…Further, it should be mentioned that while the addition of acetylacetone obviously improves the homogeneity for potassium niobate it may severely affect the thermal decomposition of the niobium complex and the electrical properties as we have shown in a previous report. 27 Another aspect worth to be noted is the strong (111) texture in the XRD measurement in Fig. 3 for the modified potassium niobate thin films compared with the randomly oriented sodium niobate thin films.…”

Determination of A.C. Conductivity of Nano-Composite Perovskite Ba<sub>(1- x - y)</sub>Sr<sub>(x)</sub>TiFe<sub>(y)</sub>O<sub>3</sub> Prepared by the Sol-Gel Technique

“…Barium titanate, which is the host material for doping with the Sr has been extensively employed in several industrial applications, including dynamic random access memory (DRAM) capacitors, microwave filters, infrared detectors and dielectric phase shifters, due to its excellent ferroelectric, dielectric, piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties [1][2][3][4][5]. It was previously reported that for the ABO 3 perovskite, different A-site and B-site dopants (where A = Ca, Sr, La; B = Nb, Ta, Zr) were used to modify the electrical properties of BaTiO 3 based compositions [6][7][8][9].…”

“…either in powder or thin film forms. It was suggested previously that in Fe-doped (Ba 1-x Sr x )TiO 3 micro-structural and dielectric properties were modified by controlling the Fe concentration (0.01 ≤ x ≤ 0.20 mol%) with fixed Sr concentrations [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. Barium strontium titanate (BST) with high dielectric constant (ε) attracted much interest as materials for environmentally applications (dielectric for capacitors, actuators, etc.).…”