Commentary: The Scavenger Receptor SSc5D Physically Interacts with Bacteria through the SRCR-Containing N-Terminal Domain

Lozano, Francisco; Martínez-Florensa, Mario

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00366

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…CD6 is a plasma membrane glycoprotein that modulates T-cell activation (23), and it was somewhat unexpected that such a receptor involved in antigen-dependent signal transduction would be directly involved in the recognition of unprocessed pathogenic determinants (8). Although there was some controversy as to which extent CD6 binding to bacteria would reflect a physiological characteristic of the molecule (50,51), it seems undisputable that CD6 does protect from bacterial infection-induced septic shock in mouse models possibly via its function as a circulating extracellular form (sCD6), shed from the surface of lymphocytes in pathological conditions (52). Nonetheless, the fact that the levels of bacterial binding of SSC4D, like CD5L and SSC5D, are so much more evident than those of sCD6 clearly suggests that a main function of SSC4D is indeed of pathogen pattern recognition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor

et al. 2021

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Since the pioneering discoveries, by the Nobel laureates Jules Hoffmann and Bruce Beutler, that Toll and Toll-like receptors can sense pathogenic microorganisms and initiate, in vertebrates and invertebrates, innate immune responses against microbial infections, many other families of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) have been described. One of such receptor clusters is composed by, if not all, at least several members of the scavenger receptor cysteine-rich (SRCR) superfamily. Many SRCR proteins are plasma membrane receptors of immune cells; however, a small subset consists of secreted receptors that are therefore in circulation. We here describe the first characterization of biological and functional roles of the circulating human protein SSC4D, one of the least scrutinized members of the family. Within leukocyte populations, SSC4D was found to be expressed by monocytes/macrophages, neutrophils, and B cells, but its production was particularly evident in epithelial cells of several organs and tissues, namely, in the kidney, thyroid, lung, placenta, intestinal tract, and liver. Similar to other SRCR proteins, SSC4D shows the capacity of physically binding to different species of bacteria, and this opsonization can increase the phagocytic capacity of monocytes. Importantly, we have uncovered the capacity of SSC4D of binding to several protozoan parasites, a singular feature seldom described for PRRs in general and here demonstrated for the first time for an SRCR family member. Overall, our study is pioneer in assigning a PRR role to SSC4D.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor

et al. 2021

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“…Рецептор SSC5D состоит из пяти SRCR доменов и одного муциноподобного домена [131]. Он способен связывать некоторые PAMP и преимущественно экспрессируется на макрофагах и Т-клетках.…”

Section: неклассифицированные Sr включают шесть видов Sr которые покunclassified

“…Он способен связывать некоторые PAMP и преимущественно экспрессируется на макрофагах и Т-клетках. Рецептор имеет и растворимую форму, может распознавать разные виды и штаммы бактерий, включая E. coli и Listeria monocytogenes [131].…”

Section: неклассифицированные Sr включают шесть видов Sr которые покunclassified

Physiological and pathogenic role of scavenger receptors in humans

et al. 2020

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The scavenger receptors (SRs)) include > 30 different molecules structurally classified into 11 classes (A to L). They are expressed mostly on stromal macrophages, and their expression may be augmented in direct dependence with concentrations of their ligands. The SRs are heterogenous by their structure, however, being common in their functional potential. E.g., different SR classes may participate in absorption of modified low-density lipoproteins and glycated proteins, apoptotic and ageing cells, altered erythrocytes and platelets, like as a big variety of other endogenous ligands from metabolic and cellular “trash”. A common property of SRs is their participation in removal of small pathogen amounts from blood circulation, regulation of cell and tissue stress responses, ability to form complicated receptor complexes with other receptor types including integrins and toll-like receptors. Opposite to classic pattern-recognizing receptors, the SR involvement does not always elicit a pronounced cellular activation and development of pro-inflammatory cellular stress. The SR functional effects provide interactions between different physiological events and immune system, including the processes of neuroendocrine and metabolic regulation. These mechanisms provide both homeostatic stability and, likewise, act at the border of normal and pathological conditions, i.e., participating in pathogenesis of transitional processes, e.g., physiological ageing. Moreover, the SR-associated processes represent a key pathogenetic factor in different somatic diseases, e.g., those associated with low-intensity chronic inflammation, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, arterial hypertension, various neurodegenerative disorders. Similarly, the SRs are involved into the processes of cancer transformation and antitumor response, different processes of classical inflammation, from antigen presentation to the morphofunctional T cell and macrophage polarization in the inflammation foci and immunocompetent organs. SR are playing a controversial role in development of acute systemic inflammation, the main reason for lethal outcomes in the intensive care wards. Targeted effects upon the SRs represent a promising approach when treating a broad variety of diseases, whereas detection of membrane-bound and soluble SR forms could be performed by means of diagnostic and monitoring techniques in many human disorders.

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Agroecological Practices and the Typology of Milk Production Systems in Brazilian Rural Settlements

Guerra,

Bánkuti,

Silva

2024

J Sustain Res

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Commentary: The Scavenger Receptor SSc5D Physically Interacts with Bacteria through the SRCR-Containing N-Terminal Domain

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor

Physical Interactions With Bacteria and Protozoan Parasites Establish the Scavenger Receptor SSC4D as a Broad-Spectrum Pattern Recognition Receptor

Physiological and pathogenic role of scavenger receptors in humans

Agroecological Practices and the Typology of Milk Production Systems in Brazilian Rural Settlements

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